Aquatic Animal Diagnosis
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of decalcification in tissue preparation?

  • To facilitate infiltration with paraffin wax
  • To remove calcium ions from the tissue (correct)
  • To remove excess alcohol from the tissue
  • To make the tissue firm for sectioning

What is the ideal thickness of tissue sections for routine histopathological studies?

  • 10-12 μm
  • 15-20 μm
  • 5-7 μm (correct)
  • 3-5 μm

What is the primary function of xylene in tissue preparation?

  • Decalcification
  • Clearing (correct)
  • Impregnation
  • Dehydration

What is the ideal temperature for incubating culture plates for bacterial colonies?

<p>25-30°C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal percentage of ethyl alcohol for dehydrating tissues?

<p>50-70% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining?

<p>To facilitate histological diagnosis of viral diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the first level of diagnosis?

<p>Physical examination and gross external features (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal sample for diagnostic purposes?

<p>Moribund fish (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended volume of fixatives to be used for each specimen?

<p>5-10 times the volume of the specimen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fixation of samples?

<p>To preserve the sample for further analysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended fixation time for 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF)?

<p>24h (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the fixative that is best for shrimp histology?

<p>Davidson’s Alcohol Formalin Acetic acid (AFA) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the important gross external signs among finfishes?

<p>Lesions, hemorrhage, color changes, fin erosion, fouling, bulging, and corneal eye opacity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of archiving facilities in a laboratory?

<p>To store test records and relevant data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of the Gram - bacteria after Gram staining?

<p>Red/Pink (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the indicator used in the oxidase test?

<p>Indophenol blue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of fermentation of glucose?

<p>Lactic acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Voges-Proskauer test?

<p>To detect the production of acetoin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of the catalase test?

<p>To detect the presence of enzyme catalase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the nitrate reduction test?

<p>To detect the reduction of nitrate to nitrite (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of the ONPG test?

<p>To detect the production of β-galactosidase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method?

<p>To detect the presence of bacterial susceptibility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle behind indirect immunofluorescence?

<p>Using an unlabeled second antibody directed towards the first antibody (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main application of ELISA?

<p>To quantify the amount of antigen or antibody in a sample (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between direct and indirect immunofluorescence?

<p>Direct immunofluorescence uses a fluorochrome-tagged primary antibody (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of bioassay?

<p>To test for toxicity using living organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of dot blot hybridization?

<p>To detect the unfractionated DNA or RNA molecules fixed on a membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the major components of PCR?

<p>Primers, Target DNA, dNTPs, and Thermostable DNA polymerase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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