APUSH TL 6.2 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the Knights of Labor?

A labor union that sought to organize all workers and focused on broad social reforms.

Which organization was founded by Samuel Gompers in 1886?

United Mine Workers

Knights of Labor

Teamsters Union

American Federation of Labor (correct)

What event is known as the Great Railroad Strike?

A strike in July 1877 by railroad workers protesting wage cuts.

What happened during the Haymarket Riot?

A protest against police brutality that turned violent after a bomb exploded. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Homestead Strike?

A 1892 steelworker strike against the Carnegie Steel Company that resulted in violence. Signup and view all the answers

What triggered the Pullman Strike?

Wage cuts by Pullman while rents in the company town remained the same. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Homestead Act provide?

Free land in the West for anyone willing to settle and develop it. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the transcontinental railroad?

It linked the eastern railroad systems with those of California, revolutionizing transportation in the West. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Turner Thesis?

The argument that the frontier was key to the development of American democracy. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Safety Valve Theory propose?

Free land to relieve employment pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is 'A Century of Dishonor' about?

A book written by Helen Hunt Jackson exposing atrocities against Native Americans. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Dawes Severalty Act?

To assimilate Native Americans by dissolving tribes and eliminating tribal land ownership. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Ghost Dance?

A ritual performed by the Sioux to bring back the buffalo and restore their lands. Signup and view all the answers

What was the New Immigration?

The significant wave of immigration between 1865-1910, primarily from Southern and Eastern Europe. Signup and view all the answers

What did 'How the Other Half Lives' address?

The conditions of New York slums in 1890. Signup and view all the answers

What are Dumbbell Tenements?

Cheap housing units designed to accommodate many people during urban population surges. Signup and view all the answers

What is a political machine?

A party organization that recruits voter loyalty with incentives and maintains control over members. Signup and view all the answers

What was Tammany Hall?

A political organization within the Democratic Party in New York City known for corruption. Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the election of 1896?

William McKinley defeated William Jennings Bryan. Signup and view all the answers

Who was William Jennings Bryan?

The Democratic candidate for president in 1896 known for advocating free silver coinage. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Cross of Gold Speech?

An address by William Jennings Bryan attacking the idea of a gold-backed currency. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Labor Unions and Strikes

Knights of Labor: Aimed to unite all workers and implemented broad social reforms.
American Federation of Labor (AFL): Founded in 1886 by Samuel Gompers, focused on improved wages, hours, and conditions for skilled laborers; distanced itself from socialist and communist ideologies.
Great Railroad Strike (1877): Sparked by wage cuts, this nationwide strike led to significant violence, especially in Pittsburgh, with federal troops intervening.
Haymarket Riot: Occurred in Chicago, where a protest against police brutality led to a bomb explosion, intensifying anti-immigrant sentiments following media portrayals of the immigrants involved.
Homestead Strike (1892): A violent strike against Carnegie Steel where ten workers died during clashes with militia; "scab" labor was used to break the strike.
Pullman Strike: Resulted from wage cuts and high rents; Eugene Debs led protests which ended in his imprisonment and ultimately did not achieve any significant changes.

Migration and Territory Expansion

Homestead Act (1862): Offered free land in the West, encouraging migration and settlement.
Transcontinental Railroad: Completed in 1869, it connected eastern and western railroad systems, transforming transportation and commerce in the U.S.
Turner Thesis: Proposed by historian Frederick Jackson Turner, it claimed the American frontier was pivotal in shaping democracy and served as a release valve during economic hardships.
Safety Valve Theory: Suggested that westward expansion via the Homestead Act could alleviate unemployment pressure in Eastern urban areas due to high immigrant populations.

Native American Relations

A Century of Dishonor: Written by Helen Hunt Jackson in 1881, this book exposed injustices suffered by Native Americans.
Dawes Severalty Act: Intended to assimilate Native Americans by dissolving tribal structures and redistributing land individually.
Ghost Dance: A ceremonial dance by the Sioux aimed at restoring the buffalo and reclaiming ancestral lands.

Immigration Trends and Urban Life

New Immigration: Between 1865-1910, about 25 million immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe arrived, facing cultural and language barriers that led to widespread mistrust.
How the Other Half Lives: Jacob A. Riis's 1890 work that highlighted slum conditions in New York, influencing public opinion and policy, including figures such as Theodore Roosevelt.
Dumbbell Tenements: Inexpensive, overcrowded housing shaped during the industrial boom; their design featured a dumbbell outline with shared corridors.

Political Landscape

Political Machine: Organizations that secured voter loyalty through tangible rewards and maintained significant control over member activities.
Tammany Hall: A powerful political machine in New York City during the late 1800s to early 1900s, associated with corrupt practices and local political control.
Election of 1896: Marked by the victory of Republican William McKinley over William Jennings Bryan; saw a revival of the Republican Party's prominence through strategies promoting the gold standard and economic growth.
William Jennings Bryan: Democratic candidate who advocated for "free silver," gaining the support of the Populist Party due to his economic reform ideas.
Cross of Gold Speech: Bryan's famous speech at the 1896 Democratic Convention that passionately argued against the gold standard, advocating for bimetallism to support the economy.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on key labor unions and strikes in U.S. history with these APUSH flashcards. Explore definitions and significances of groups like the Knights of Labor and events such as the Great Railroad Strike. Perfect for students preparing for AP U.S. History exams.