Podcast
Questions and Answers
In the West, soldiers spread cholera, typhoid, and smallpox to the Indians. They also reduced the _________ population through hunting.
In the West, soldiers spread cholera, typhoid, and smallpox to the Indians. They also reduced the _________ population through hunting.
bison
In the 1860s, the government grouped the Plains Indians into smaller plots of land: mainly the '_________ __________ _________________' in Dakota Territory, and the Indian Territory in Oklahoma.
In the 1860s, the government grouped the Plains Indians into smaller plots of land: mainly the '_________ __________ _________________' in Dakota Territory, and the Indian Territory in Oklahoma.
Great Sioux reservation
The treaties marked the beginning of the ________________ _____________ in the West.
The treaties marked the beginning of the ________________ _____________ in the West.
reservation system
What was the significance of the Battle of the Little Bighorn?
What was the significance of the Battle of the Little Bighorn?
Signup and view all the answers
The Nez Percé Indians were sent to a dusty reservation _________ in 1877.
The Nez Percé Indians were sent to a dusty reservation _________ in 1877.
Signup and view all the answers
What factors accelerated the 'taming' of Indians?
What factors accelerated the 'taming' of Indians?
Signup and view all the answers
After the Civil War, over 15 million bison grazed the western plains. By 1885, fewer than _______ were left after the bison had been slaughtered.
After the Civil War, over 15 million bison grazed the western plains. By 1885, fewer than _______ were left after the bison had been slaughtered.
Signup and view all the answers
What was the focus of 'A Century of Dishonor' published by Helen Hunt Jackson?
What was the focus of 'A Century of Dishonor' published by Helen Hunt Jackson?
Signup and view all the answers
What did the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 aim to achieve?
What did the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 aim to achieve?
Signup and view all the answers
In 1858, minerals including ________ and ___________ were discovered in the Rockies, prompting many to rush to the mountains.
In 1858, minerals including ________ and ___________ were discovered in the Rockies, prompting many to rush to the mountains.
Signup and view all the answers
Women gained the right to vote in Wyoming (1869), Utah (1870), Colorado (1893), and Idaho (1896), long before the women of the ________.
Women gained the right to vote in Wyoming (1869), Utah (1870), Colorado (1893), and Idaho (1896), long before the women of the ________.
Signup and view all the answers
What was the purpose of the Wyoming Stock-Growers' Association?
What was the purpose of the Wyoming Stock-Growers' Association?
Signup and view all the answers
What did the Homestead Act of 1862 allow settlers to do?
What did the Homestead Act of 1862 allow settlers to do?
Signup and view all the answers
Much of the land given away by the Homestead Act had ______________ soil and ______ weather.
Much of the land given away by the Homestead Act had ______________ soil and ______ weather.
Signup and view all the answers
The speed of harvesting wheat dramatically increased in the 1870s by the invention of the __________ __________ and the _____________.
The speed of harvesting wheat dramatically increased in the 1870s by the invention of the __________ __________ and the _____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Farmers' livelihoods depended on the price of their single product, which was ___________________ and out of their control.
Farmers' livelihoods depended on the price of their single product, which was ___________________ and out of their control.
Signup and view all the answers
What was the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry?
What was the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry?
Signup and view all the answers
What challenges did the Farmers' Alliance face?
What challenges did the Farmers' Alliance face?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the Colored Farmers' National Alliance?
What was the Colored Farmers' National Alliance?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the American Railway Union known for?
What was the American Railway Union known for?
Signup and view all the answers
The political era from 1896 to 1932 was called the '___________ __________ system.'
The political era from 1896 to 1932 was called the '___________ __________ system.'
Signup and view all the answers
What did the Dingley Tariff Bill do?
What did the Dingley Tariff Bill do?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the Gold Standard Act of 1900?
What was the Gold Standard Act of 1900?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Indigenous Peoples and Reservations
- Soldiers introduced diseases like cholera, typhoid, and smallpox to Native Americans, severely reducing bison populations through hunting.
- The government established the Great Sioux Reservation in Dakota Territory and Indian Territory in Oklahoma for Plains Indians.
- Treaties signed at Fort Laramie (1851) and Fort Atkinson (1853) initiated the reservation system, aiming to contain and manage Native populations.
Major Events and Figures
- The Battle of the Little Bighorn marked a notable victory for Native Americans during the Plains Wars.
- The Nez Percé were forcibly relocated to a reservation in Kansas in 1877 after conflicts with settlers.
- Helen Hunt Jackson published "A Century of Dishonor" (1881), highlighting government mistreatment of Native Americans and followed with "Ramona" (1884) to advocate for California Indians.
Assimilation and Land Policies
- The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 aimed to assimilate Native Americans by dissolving tribal lands, offering 160 acres to individual families, and promising citizenship for those who adopted farming practices.
- The Homestead Act of 1862 facilitated land acquisition by settlers, allowing claims of up to 160 acres if improved over five years with a nominal fee, promoting westward migration.
- The 100th Meridian, delineating the wet East from the dry West, is crucial for understanding settlement patterns.
Agricultural Challenges and Innovations
- Dry farming, practiced during prolonged droughts, led to soil depletion; many homesteaders abandoned their claims due to poor land conditions.
- The late 19th century saw a significant population increase in the West as people migrated from other regions seeking opportunities.
- Innovative farming tools like the twine binder and combine revolutionized wheat harvesting in the 1870s.
Economic Conditions and Social Movements
- Farmers increasingly relied on cash crops such as wheat or corn due to high prices, often facing financial instability during deflation, which led to foreclosures.
- The National Grange, founded by Oliver H. Kelley in 1867, aimed to enhance the lives of farmers through cooperation and support.
- Farmers' Alliance, formed in the late 1870s, tried to enhance market control but excluded black and landless farmers, while the Colored Farmers' National Alliance sought to represent African American farmers.
Labor Movements and Political Landscape
- The American Railway Union, led by Eugene Debs, initiated the Pullman strike and represented railroad laborers.
- The Fourth Party System (1896-1932) was characterized by lower voter turnout and shifting political issues towards industrial regulation and labor welfare.
- The Dingley Tariff Bill (1897) replaced the Wilson-Gorman law, increasing tariffs, while the Gold Standard Act of 1900 allowed for currency redemption in gold, impacting economic stability.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on APUSH Chapter 26, which covers the Great West and the Agricultural Revolution. This quiz includes key terms and events that shaped the lives of Plains Indians and the impact of U.S. policies in the region.
