APUSH Chapter 19 Terms Flashcards

A system that selects government employees based on merit, using competitive exams, to eliminate patronage and favoritism.

A government agency established by the Pendleton Act to oversee the administration of competitive exams for federal job positions, ensuring fair hiring practices.

The application of Darwin's theory of evolution to human society, emphasizing competition and 'survival of the fittest' in social and economic contexts.

A concept that applied Darwin's theories of evolution to societal progress, emphasizing competition and 'survival of the fittest' in social and economic contexts.

Regulations that prohibited activities like drinking alcohol on Sundays, reflecting the cultural and political values of the era.

An insult aimed at Irish immigrants during the 1884 presidential campaign, using their religion and perceived political influence to discredit them.

A lecture by Russell Conwell promoting the philosophy of Social Darwinism and advocating for a fixed economic hierarchy and laissez-faire economic policies.

A faction of Republicans led by James G. Blaine, accused of being reform-minded for personal gain.

A conservative faction of Republicans who supported the spoils system and opposed civil service reforms, favoring traditional political patronage.

The 23rd president of the United States known for implementing the McKinley Tariff, which increased federal spending.

The only U.S. president to serve two nonconsecutive terms, known for advocating for civil service reform and establishing the Interstate Commerce Commission.

Republicans who switched their allegiance to support Democratic candidate Grover Cleveland in 1884, advocating for political reforms such as secret ballots and literacy tests.

A prominent suffragist and leader of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), believing women's participation could positively influence politics.

An organization that mobilized women against alcohol consumption, advocating for women's political involvement and serving as a precursor to later women's rights movements.

A Republican faction known for opposing Civil Service reform and supporting the spoils system, which involves awarding government jobs based on political loyalty rather than qualifications.

The 14th Amendment was interpreted to apply to both individuals and corporations, which limited the power of state governments to regulate private businesses.

This act established a merit-based system to select government employees. It aimed to eliminate patronage and promote fair hiring practices.

This president served only 200 days before his assassination. This tragedy sparked major changes in government hiring practices, leading to the Pendleton Act.

This election saw Grover Cleveland defeat James G. Blaine, though Cleveland faced accusations of an illegitimate child, leading to political mockery.

This election was hotly contested, featuring Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison. Cleveland won the popular vote but Harrison secured the presidency.

This amendment was interpreted to protect both individuals and corporations, limiting state governments' power to regulate businesses.

A government commission established by the Pendleton Act, responsible for administering competitive exams to select federal employees based on merit.

The political philosophy that applied Charles Darwin's theory of evolution to human society, emphasizing competition and "survival of the fittest" in social and economic contexts.

A set of laws that prohibited certain activities deemed immoral, such as drinking alcohol on Sundays, reflecting the social values of the period.

A derogatory label aimed at Irish immigrants during the 1884 presidential campaign, linking them to alcohol, Catholicism, and rebellion.

A lecture by Russell Conwell that promoted Social Darwinism, emphasizing fixed economic classes and a laissez-faire approach to the economy.

A faction of Republicans led by James G. Blaine, who were accused of advocating for reforms for their own benefit.

A faction of conservative Republicans who supported the spoils system, opposing civil service reforms and favoring traditional political patronage.

The 23rd president of the United States, best known for implementing the McKinley Tariff, which increased federal spending.

The only US president to serve two nonconsecutive terms, advocating for civil service reform and establishing the Interstate Commerce Commission.

A group of Republicans who switched their allegiance to support Democratic candidate Grover Cleveland in the 1884 election.

A prominent suffragist and leader of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), who championed women's political involvement.

An organization that aimed to mobilize women as a political force against alcohol consumption, serving as a precursor to later women's rights movements.

A system of government hiring based on merit, using competitive exams rather than political connections.

The Republican candidate who won the 1880 presidential election but served only 200 days before being assassinated.

This election saw Grover Cleveland defeat James G. Blaine, though Cleveland faced accusations of an illegitimate child, which became a political issue.

This election featured Grover Cleveland against Benjamin Harrison, where Cleveland won the popular vote but lost the presidency.