Approaches to Tourism Planning

Participatory/Stakeholder Approach = Each relevant Stakeholder has a say in the deliberation and decision-making process. Community-Based Tourism (CBT) = Tourism that is owned and/or managed by communities. Pro-Poor Approach (PPT) = Tourism that generates net benefits for the poor. Fair Trade Tourism = Includes paying fair wages and equitable distribution of benefits.

Economic Viability = Ensures the economic sustainability of tourism. Cultural Richness = Preserves and promotes local culture and heritage. Visitor Fulfillment = Enhances the experience of tourists. Resource Efficiency = Optimizes the use and conservation of resources.

Community-Based Tourism (CBT) = Allows a community to have control over a tourism enterprise. Pro-Poor Approach (PPT) = Requires interventions to benefit the poor. Fair Trade Tourism = Responds to the failures of conventional trade. Sustainable Tourism Approach = Meets present needs without compromising future generations.

<p>Participatory/Stakeholder Approach = Puts people at the center of the planning process. Fair Trade Tourism = Fair wages and respect for human rights. Sustainable Tourism Approach = People-Planet-Profit framework. Pro-Poor Approach (PPT) = Focuses on tourism benefits for the poor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local Control = Empowers communities to manage tourism activities. Biological Diversity = Supports the conservation of ecosystems. Social Equity = Ensures fair treatment and opportunities. Community Well-Being = Enhances the quality of life for community members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Advocacy Platform = Sees tourism as a good tool for national development Cautionary Platform = Focuses on the negative effects of mass tourism Adaptancy Platform = Promotes alternative tourism to mitigate impacts Knowledge-based Platform = Holistic view on tourism's structures and functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mass Tourism = Advocacy Platform Demonstration Effect = Cautionary Platform Ecotourism = Adaptancy Platform Holistic Analysis = Knowledge-based Platform</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ecotourism = Environmentally-Oriented Tourism Altruistic Tourism = Socially-Oriented Tourism Shopping Tourism = Cautionary Platform Responsible Tourism = Adaptancy Platform</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creates employment = Advocacy Platform Conceals poverty = Cautionary Platform Minimizes negative impacts = Adaptancy Platform Analyzes underlying structures = Knowledge-based Platform</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Soft Tourism = Low-impact tourism High-rise Hotels = Cosmetic development Volunteer Tourism = Socially responsible approach Mass Tourism = High volume tourism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tourism as a clean industry = Advocacy Platform Jobs are often low-paying = Cautionary Platform Alternatives to mass tourism = Adaptancy Platform Focus on holistic understanding = Knowledge-based Platform</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Advocacy Platform = Tourism revitalizes cultural traditions Cautionary Platform = Loss of cultural heritage Adaptancy Platform = Supports community-based tourism Knowledge-based Platform = Explores structural tourism issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Celebrates tourism’s benefits = Advocacy Platform Highlights negative adaptations = Cautionary Platform Focuses on eco-friendly practices = Adaptancy Platform Comprehensive tourism analysis = Knowledge-based Platform</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dependency Theory = Tourism as a form of modern-day colonialism Irridex Model = Residents' attitudes towards tourism deteriorate over time No Planning = Tourism may not be seen as a priority industry Ad-hoc Planning = Planning only as the need arises</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Euphoria = Sense of excitement and informal contact Apathy = Tourism seen as a source of income Annoyance = Residents show misgivings about tourism Antagonism = Irritations expressed verbally and physically</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dependency Theory = Increases dependency on developed countries Irridex Model = Negative social impact on residents No Planning = Lack of structured tourism development Ad-hoc Planning = Reactive planning based on immediate needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neo-liberal Theory = Minimal government intervention in the economy Dependency Theory = Exploitation of resources by developed countries Irridex Model = Negative social impacts from tourism Ad-hoc Planning = Reactive response to tourism needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No Planning = No strategic framework for tourism Ad-hoc Planning = Quick responses to specific events Irridex Model = Focus on community attitudes over time Dependency Theory = Long-term economic impacts on local resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Euphoria = Initial positive engagement with tourism Apathy = Increasing formal involvement with tourists Annoyance = Emerging concerns from residents about tourism Antagonism = Active opposition to tourist presence</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dependency Theory = Critique of inequality between core and periphery Irridex Model = Recognizes residents' changing perceptions Neo-liberal Theory = Advocates for less government role Ad-hoc Planning = Often lacks cohesive vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Leakages = Loss of income from tourism Core = Developed countries in the tourism context Periphery = Developing nations reliant on tourism Tourism life cycle = Stages of community adaptation to tourism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ecotourism = Tourism that can be unsustainable when mismanaged Accessible tourism = Tourism designed to be inclusive for persons with disabilities Pro-poor tourism = Focused on benefiting local communities economically Aboriginal tourism = Revolving around the cultural heritage of indigenous peoples</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Issue-based Planning = Driven by issues that emerge over time and searching for solutions. Integrated Tourism Planning = Tourism developed as part of an overall plan and compatible with local values. Boosterism Approach = Maximizes tourism revenues through mass promotion and expanding capacity. Demand-Led Approach = Focuses on understanding customer needs and providing corresponding services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Laissez Faire Theory = Market forces should regulate tourism without government intervention Modernization Theory = Tourism transforms traditional societies into modern economies Trickle-down Theory = Economic growth in tourism benefits everyone Multiplier Effect = Initial tourist spending generates greater economic value as it circulates</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spatial Planning Approach = Planning focused on destination layout like airports and attractions. Product-led Development = Constructing infrastructure and amenities for tourists. Bureaucratic Approach = Government-centered planning and development. Regional Scale Planning = Tourism planning at the level of a province or region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Central Planning Approach = National-level agencies handle all tourism planning. Mass Tourism Strategy = Focus on heavy international promotional campaigns for tourism. Site Scale = Planning at the individual property level. Destination Scale = Involves planning in a community and its surroundings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Knowledge-based platform = Emphasis on education and research in tourism Social Justice Platform = Promotes equity, inclusivity, and community engagement Sustainable Tourism Development = Acknowledges varying forms of tourism can be sustainable Advocacy Theories = Focus on the influence of ideologies on tourism development</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Participatory processes = Social Justice Platform Proper management of mass tourism = Knowledge-based platform Positive change agent = Social Justice Platform Economic returns emphasis = Laissez Faire Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boosterism = Viewing tourism as a positive force for economic growth. Integrated Planning = Tourism as part of local development patterns. Demand-Led Planning = Understanding market characteristics before providing services. Spatial Planning = Breaking down tourism into spatial units for better management.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Responsible tourism = Encourages ethical practices in tourism Gender-sensitive tourism = Focuses on issues related to gender equality Community approach tourism = Involves local communities in tourism planning Fair-trade tourism = Ensures fair payment for local producers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Issue-based Planning = Planning driven by emerging problems and solutions. Bureaucratic Approach = Government-led planning with a focus on central guidance. Product-led Development = Creating attractions and amenities to draw tourists. Demand-Led Approach = Aligning services with customer preferences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Site Scale = Focus on individual tourism properties. Destination Scale = Covers the entire community and surrounding areas. Regional Scale = Involves larger areas such as provinces and regions. Central Planning = All planning executed by national agencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Laissez Faire Theory = Potential for negative social and environmental impacts Modernization Theory = Linked to improvement of residents' standard of living Trickle-down Theory = Assumes economic growth benefits all individuals Multiplier Effect = Enhances economic benefits as money circulates in the economy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integrated Tourism Planning = Tourism needs to align with local residents' values. Boosterism Approach = Sees tourism as beneficial for financial gain. Product-led Development = Assumes tourists will follow quality attractions. Demand-Led Approach = Requires thorough market understanding for facility provision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Education = Fosters understanding of tourism impacts Research = Supports evidence-based tourism policies Equity = Ensures fair distribution of tourism benefits Inclusivity = Engages all stakeholders in tourism planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Issue-based Planning = Search for responsive solutions to emerging issues. Bureaucratic Approach = May limit flexibility in planning due to government focus. Spatial Planning Approach = Encourages structured layout of tourism spaces. Demand-Led Approach = Prioritizes customer satisfaction and amenities accordingly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ecotourism = Can become unsustainable if improperly managed Mass tourism = May lead to social malaise if inadequately regulated Adventure tourism = Risks environmental degradation without regulations Cultural tourism = Can exploit local cultures if not handled responsibly</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carrying Capacity = Maximum number of people allowed without degradation Limits of Acceptable Change = Management strategies for ideal conditions Social Approach = Stakeholders' role in tourism planning Ecological Impact = Effects of tourism on natural environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>North Korea = State-controlled tourism initiatives Philippines = Local Government Code of 1991 for tourism development Bhutan Model = Prioritization of Gross National Happiness Palawan = Strategic Environmental Plan for sustainable tourism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social Approach = Inclusion of community in resource management Ecotourism Approach = Conservation and indigenous knowledge Environmental Approach = Promotion of eco-friendly tourism Middle Path Approach = Regulated tourism for maximized revenue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Community Participation = Involvement of local stakeholders Economic Benefits = Improvement of local livelihoods Environmental Education = Raising awareness about conservation Cultural Heritage Protection = Preservation of local traditions and practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gross National Happiness = Prioritizing well-being over material wealth Carrying Capacity Standards = 10 square meters per person in resorts Ecological Balance = Minimizing tourism's adverse impacts Management Strategies = Setting acceptable conditions for tourism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limits of Acceptable Change = Delimiting conditions for tourism Ecotourism = Tourism that supports conservation efforts Low Volume Tourism = Minimizing tourist traffic for quality Government Mandate = Legal frameworks for tourism planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Middle Path Approach = Balancing tourism benefits and environmental impact Ecological Approach = Integrating conservation with tourism activities Developed Planning Approach = Centralized tourism strategies by authorities Social Impact Approach = Ensuring equitable resource distribution among communities</p> Signup and view all the answers