18 Questions
What are some selected applications of ceramics in the medical field?
Hip prostheses, artificial knees, bone grafts, tissues in growth related applications in orthopedics, dentistry, and heart valves
Why are applications of ceramics sometimes limited in the medical field?
Due to their generally poor mechanical properties in tension and load bearing
How can the controlled degradation of a material in an implant benefit the patient?
It allows natural tissue to replace the prosthesis and regain function
Give an example of a biodegradable material used in medical applications.
Suture material that resorbs in the body as the wound heals and gains strength
What is the purpose of using biodegradable materials to encourage natural tissue growth?
To provide a scaffold for tissue growth
How can the properties of a degrading material in an implant affect its performance?
The properties change from their original values, leading to altered and less desirable performance
What are some examples of polymeric materials used in biomedical applications?
Acrylics, polyamides, polyesters, polyethylene, polysiloxanes, polyurethane
Give an example of a biomedical application where poly-glycolic acid is used.
Resorbable suture material
List 3 examples of typical biomedical polymeric materials applications.
Artificial heart, kidney, liver
What is the purpose of using membranes of ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) copolymer?
Controlled release
Name 3 examples of biomedical applications involving artificial skin.
External and internal ear repairs, soft-tissue replacement, artificial skin
What is the role of polymeric materials in joint replacements?
Used in designing implants with controlled degradation
What are some commonly used metallic systems in the body as mentioned in the text?
Iron-base alloys like 316L stainless steel, Titanium and Titanium-base alloys, Cobalt base alloys
Which metal systems are the most commonly used for implants?
316L stainless steel, Ti-6%-4%V, Cobalt base alloys of type 'i' and 'ii'
What are some other metal systems being investigated for medical applications?
Cobalt-base alloys of type 'iii' and 'iv', shape memory alloys like (Ti 45% - 55%Ni)
What composite materials are extensively used in dentistry?
Matrix of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) reinforced with carbon fibers
How are carbon fibers used in composite materials for medical applications?
Carbon fibers are made by pyrolizing acrylic fibers to obtain oriented graphitic structure with high tensile strength and modulus of elasticity
What is the typical composition of shape memory alloys receiving most attention in medical applications?
(Ti 45% - 55%Ni)
This quiz covers selected applications of ceramics in medical devices such as hip prostheses, artificial knees, bone grafts, orthopedic tissues, dental implants, and heart valves. It also discusses the limitations of ceramics in terms of poor mechanical properties, specifically in tension and load-bearing applications requiring careful design and manufacturing.
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