CH 16: Application of equilibrium principles
72 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the pressure in a gaseous reaction system shifts the equilibrium towards the side with:

  • The direction cannot be determined from the information given
  • No change in the number of gas molecules
  • Fewer gas molecules (correct)
  • More gas molecules

    • In a graph showing concentration versus time for a reaction at equilibrium, a flat line indicates:

  • The reaction has been disturbed
  • The reaction has not started yet
  • The graph is incorrectly plotted
  • The system has reached equilibrium (correct)

    • The Haber process for ammonia production utilizes which of the following conditions to increase the yield?

  • High pressure and moderate temperature (correct)
  • Low pressure and low temperature
  • Low pressure and high temperature
  • High pressure and high temperature

    • In the Contact process for sulfuric acid production, the yield of sulfur trioxide is maximized by:

    <p>Increasing pressure and maintaining moderate temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of graphs can help identify when a chemical reaction system has reached equilibrium?

    <p>Both rate versus time and concentration versus time graphs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In equilibrium calculations, the equilibrium constant ($K_c$) is affected by changes in:

    <p>Temperature only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A sudden change in slope in a graph of concentration versus time for a reaction at equilibrium indicates:

    <p>The reaction has been disturbed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In industrial processes, adjustments to temperature, pressure, and reactant concentration are made to:

    <p>Optimize the yield of desired products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Le Chatelier's principle is true?

    <p>It is used to control the direction of a reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a graph of rate versus time for a reaction at equilibrium, a flat line indicates:

    <p>The system has reached equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Le Chatelier's principle state?

    <p>When a system at equilibrium is subjected to a change in concentration, temperature, or pressure, it adjusts to counteract the change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does increasing the concentration of reactants affect the equilibrium?

    <p>Shifts it towards the products, increasing product formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an exothermic reaction, how does increasing temperature affect the equilibrium?

    <p>Shifts it towards the reactants, reducing product yield.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when you increase the concentration of products in a reaction?

    <p>Shifts the equilibrium towards the reactants, reducing product formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Le Chatelier's principle help in predicting the effects of changing conditions on a reaction?

    <p>It provides insights into how changes in conditions can shift the position of equilibrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor that can affect the position of equilibrium in a reaction?

    <p>Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of increasing pressure on a reaction at equilibrium?

    <p>Shifts the equilibrium towards the side with more moles of gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when pressure is increased by decreasing volume in a gaseous reaction?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the side with fewer gas molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does a flat line on a graph of concentration versus time indicate in an equilibrium reaction?

    <p>The system is at equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a sudden change in slope on a graph of rate versus time indicate in an equilibrium reaction?

    <p>A change in concentration or temperature has occurred</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the direction of the equilibrium shift be deduced from graphs showing different parameters versus time?

    <p>By looking at the shape of the curve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way to optimize the yield of products in industrial processes like the Haber and Contact processes?

    <p>Balancing rate and yield with optimal temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do adjustments to temperature, pressure, and reactant concentration affect the yield of desired products in industrial processes?

    <p>They increase the yield</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to maximize the yield of sulfur trioxide in the Contact process for sulfuric acid production?

    <p>High pressure and low temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Le Chatelier's principle considered an indispensable tool for chemists and engineers involved in industrial processes?

    <p>It assists in controlling and optimizing chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a graph showing volume versus time for a gaseous reaction has a sudden change in slope, what does this indicate?

    <p>A disturbance like a change in volume or temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when pressure is decreased by increasing volume in a gaseous reaction?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the side with more gas molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Le Chatelier's principle predict the effect of increasing the concentration of products in a reaction?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the products, increasing product formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an exothermic reaction, how does decreasing the temperature affect the equilibrium?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the reactants, increasing product yield.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does increasing the pressure have on a gaseous reaction system at equilibrium?

    <p>Shifts the equilibrium towards the side with more gaseous molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the concentration of reactants is decreased in a reaction, what happens to the position of equilibrium?

    <p>Equilibrium shifts towards the products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does increasing temperature have on endothermic reactions at equilibrium?

    <p>Equilibrium shifts towards the products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Le Chatelier's principle explain the effect of changing temperature on exothermic reactions?

    <p>Increasing temperature shifts equilibrium towards reactants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to an exothermic reaction system at equilibrium when pressure is increased?

    <p>Equilibrium shifts towards reactants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Le Chatelier's principle explain changes in product formation when reactant concentration is increased?

    <p>Equilibrium shifts towards products, increasing product formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a flat line on a rate vs. time graph for a chemical reaction indicate?

    <p>The system has reached equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can Le Chatelier's principle be practically applied to increase the yield in a gaseous reaction?

    <p>Optimizing the temperature and using a catalyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal condition for the Contact Process in sulfuric acid production to maximize the yield of sulfur trioxide?

    <p>Balancing rate and yield by optimizing temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In industrial processes, what adjustments can be made to optimize the yield of desired products?

    <p>Adjusting temperature, pressure, and reactant concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When analyzing equilibrium graphs showing concentration vs. time, how can a shift in equilibrium be deduced?

    <p>From a sudden change in slope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that shifts the equilibrium towards more gas molecules in a gaseous reaction?

    <p>Reducing volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Le Chatelier's principle explain the Haber process for ammonia production?

    <p>Balancing rate and yield with optimal conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an exothermic reaction at equilibrium, what effect does decreasing the pressure have on the position of equilibrium?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the products, favoring product formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an endothermic reaction at equilibrium, what effect does increasing the concentration of products have on the position of equilibrium?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the reactants, favoring reactant formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a graph of rate versus time for a reaction at equilibrium shows a sudden change in slope, what does this indicate?

    <p>The system has been perturbed, and the equilibrium position is shifting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Le Chatelier's principle, what effect does increasing the temperature have on an exothermic reaction at equilibrium?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the reactants, favoring reactant formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a gaseous reaction at equilibrium, what effect does decreasing the volume have on the position of equilibrium?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the products, favoring product formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an endothermic reaction at equilibrium, what effect does decreasing the temperature have on the position of equilibrium?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the reactants, favoring reactant formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a graph of concentration versus time for a reaction at equilibrium shows a flat line, what does this indicate?

    <p>The system has reached equilibrium, and the concentrations of products and reactants are constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a gaseous reaction at equilibrium, what effect does increasing the pressure have on the position of equilibrium?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the side with more gaseous molecules, regardless of whether it's the reactant or product side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Le Chatelier's principle, what effect does decreasing the concentration of reactants have on the position of equilibrium?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the products, favoring product formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a reaction at equilibrium, which of the following types of graphs can help identify when the system has been perturbed and the equilibrium position is shifting?

    <p>A graph of rate versus time showing a sudden change in slope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a gaseous reaction system at equilibrium, if the pressure is increased by decreasing the volume, the equilibrium will shift towards the side with:

    <p>Fewer gas molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the Haber process for ammonia production is correct?

    <p>Le Chatelier's principle is applied by increasing pressure and using an optimal moderate temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a graph showing concentration versus time for a reaction at equilibrium, a sudden change in slope indicates:

    <p>A disturbance in the system, such as a change in concentration or temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Contact process for sulfuric acid production, the yield of sulfur trioxide is maximized by:

    <p>Increasing the pressure and maintaining a moderate temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the concentration of products is increased in a reaction at equilibrium, according to Le Chatelier's principle, the equilibrium will shift:

    <p>Towards the reactants side to counteract the increase in products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a graph of rate versus time for a reaction at equilibrium, a flat line indicates:

    <p>The reaction has reached equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that affects the equilibrium constant ($K_c$) in equilibrium calculations?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an endothermic reaction at equilibrium, increasing the temperature will:

    <p>Shift the equilibrium towards the products side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Le Chatelier's principle is incorrect?

    <p>It states that changing the concentration of reactants will not affect the equilibrium position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a graph showing concentration versus time for a reaction at equilibrium, the direction of the equilibrium shift can be deduced from:

    <p>The changes observed in the graph after a disturbance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an industrial process involving an endothermic reaction, which adjustment would increase the yield of products according to Le Chatelier's principle?

    <p>Increasing the temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the concentration of products in a reversible reaction at equilibrium?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the reactants to counteract the change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Contact process for sulfuric acid production, which condition would maximize the yield of sulfur trioxide ($SO_3$)?

    <p>Low temperature and high pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a graph of concentration versus time for a reaction at equilibrium, a sudden change in slope indicates:

    <p>A change in the conditions has caused a shift in the equilibrium position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Le Chatelier's principle is incorrect?

    <p>It applies only to reversible reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an exothermic reaction at equilibrium, what is the effect of decreasing the pressure by increasing the volume?

    <p>The equilibrium shifts towards the reactants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a gaseous reaction system at equilibrium, which of the following changes would shift the equilibrium towards the side with fewer gas molecules?

    <p>Increasing the pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a factor that can affect the position of equilibrium in a reaction, according to Le Chatelier's principle?

    <p>Catalyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Haber process for ammonia production ($N_2 + 3H_2 \rightleftharpoons 2NH_3$), which condition would favor the formation of ammonia?

    <p>Low temperature and high pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a graph of rate versus time for a reaction at equilibrium, a flat line indicates:

    <p>The forward and reverse reaction rates are equal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser