Apoptosis Process and Mechanism
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Questions and Answers

What is the consequence of cytosol swelling in cellular injury?

  • Formation of microvilli
  • Dissociation of ribosomes and decreased protein synthesis (correct)
  • Enhanced mitochondrial function
  • Increased protein synthesis

    • What is a hallmark of irreversible injury?

  • Enhanced mitochondrial function
  • Cellular swelling
  • Increased protein synthesis
  • Membrane damage (correct)

    • What is the result of mitochondrial membrane damage in cellular injury?

  • Loss of the electron transport chain (correct)
  • Loss of cytochrome c from the mitochondria
  • Increased electron transport chain activity
  • Increased ATP production

    • What is the consequence of lysosome membrane damage in cellular injury?

    <p>Hydrolytic enzyme leakage into the cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the morphologic hallmark of cell death?

    <p>Loss of the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two mechanisms of cell death?

    <p>Necrosis and apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During apoptosis, what is the consequence of nucleus condensing and fragmenting?

    <p>It results in the formation of apoptotic bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of caspases in apoptosis?

    <p>To activate proteases and endonucleases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of Bcl2 inactivation in the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway?

    <p>It allows cytochrome c to leak from the inner mitochondrial matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of CD8 T cells in the cytotoxic pathway of apoptosis?

    <p>To create pores in the target cell membrane and activate caspases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do free radicals occur physiologically?

    <p>During oxidative phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of apoptosis in contrast to necrosis?

    <p>It is not followed by inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of fat necrosis due to traumatic injury or pancreatitis?

    <p>Deposition of calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of calcium deposition in dead tissues called?

    <p>Dystrophic calcification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process by which fatty acids react with calcium to form soap?

    <p>Saponification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of fibrinoid necrosis under a microscope?

    <p>Bright pink staining of the vessel wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell death involves single cells or small groups of cells?

    <p>Apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for ATP-dependent, genetically programmed cell death?

    <p>Apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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