Apoptosis Process and Mechanism

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What is the consequence of cytosol swelling in cellular injury?

Formation of microvilli

Dissociation of ribosomes and decreased protein synthesis (correct)

Enhanced mitochondrial function

Increased protein synthesis

What is a hallmark of irreversible injury?

Enhanced mitochondrial function

Cellular swelling

Increased protein synthesis

Membrane damage (correct)

What is the result of mitochondrial membrane damage in cellular injury?

Loss of the electron transport chain (correct)

Loss of cytochrome c from the mitochondria

Increased electron transport chain activity

Increased ATP production

What is the consequence of lysosome membrane damage in cellular injury?

Hydrolytic enzyme leakage into the cytosol Signup and view all the answers

What is the morphologic hallmark of cell death?

Loss of the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What are the two mechanisms of cell death?

Necrosis and apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

During apoptosis, what is the consequence of nucleus condensing and fragmenting?

It results in the formation of apoptotic bodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of caspases in apoptosis?

To activate proteases and endonucleases Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of Bcl2 inactivation in the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway?

It allows cytochrome c to leak from the inner mitochondrial matrix Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CD8 T cells in the cytotoxic pathway of apoptosis?

To create pores in the target cell membrane and activate caspases Signup and view all the answers

How do free radicals occur physiologically?

During oxidative phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of apoptosis in contrast to necrosis?

It is not followed by inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of fat necrosis due to traumatic injury or pancreatitis?

Deposition of calcium Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of calcium deposition in dead tissues called?

Dystrophic calcification Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which fatty acids react with calcium to form soap?

Saponification Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of fibrinoid necrosis under a microscope?

Bright pink staining of the vessel wall Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell death involves single cells or small groups of cells?

Apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for ATP-dependent, genetically programmed cell death?