Apoptosis Process and Mechanism
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Questions and Answers

What is the consequence of cytosol swelling in cellular injury?

  • Formation of microvilli
  • Dissociation of ribosomes and decreased protein synthesis (correct)
  • Enhanced mitochondrial function
  • Increased protein synthesis

What is a hallmark of irreversible injury?

  • Enhanced mitochondrial function
  • Cellular swelling
  • Increased protein synthesis
  • Membrane damage (correct)

What is the result of mitochondrial membrane damage in cellular injury?

  • Loss of the electron transport chain (correct)
  • Loss of cytochrome c from the mitochondria
  • Increased electron transport chain activity
  • Increased ATP production

What is the consequence of lysosome membrane damage in cellular injury?

<p>Hydrolytic enzyme leakage into the cytosol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the morphologic hallmark of cell death?

<p>Loss of the nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two mechanisms of cell death?

<p>Necrosis and apoptosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During apoptosis, what is the consequence of nucleus condensing and fragmenting?

<p>It results in the formation of apoptotic bodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of caspases in apoptosis?

<p>To activate proteases and endonucleases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of Bcl2 inactivation in the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway?

<p>It allows cytochrome c to leak from the inner mitochondrial matrix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CD8 T cells in the cytotoxic pathway of apoptosis?

<p>To create pores in the target cell membrane and activate caspases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do free radicals occur physiologically?

<p>During oxidative phosphorylation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of apoptosis in contrast to necrosis?

<p>It is not followed by inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of fat necrosis due to traumatic injury or pancreatitis?

<p>Deposition of calcium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of calcium deposition in dead tissues called?

<p>Dystrophic calcification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which fatty acids react with calcium to form soap?

<p>Saponification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of fibrinoid necrosis under a microscope?

<p>Bright pink staining of the vessel wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell death involves single cells or small groups of cells?

<p>Apoptosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for ATP-dependent, genetically programmed cell death?

<p>Apoptosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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