10 Questions
What are the typical signs of A. paragallinarum infection in birds?
Oculonasal discharge and conjunctivitis
How long do respiratory signs usually persist in birds affected by A. paragallinarum?
Only a few weeks
What is the typical morbidity like in a flock affected by A. paragallinarum?
High morbidity with rapid onset
What is the typical appearance of Gram stained sinus exudate from birds affected by A. paragallinarum?
Bipolar-staining rods
How does A. paragallinarum appear on blood agar with a Staphylococcus aureus nurse colony?
As dewdrop-like satellite colonies
What is the main requirement for the growth of A. paragallinarum?
V-factor (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)
How does A. paragallinarum persist outside of the host?
For only a few days
How can A. paragallinarum antibodies in serum be detected?
Hemagglutination inhibition and immunodiffusion tests
What is the typical incubation period for the development of signs and lesions in chickens infected with A. paragallinarum?
3-5 days
How can chickens be immunized to protect against A. paragallinarum?
Vaccinating with commercial bacterins containing the specific serotype
Test your knowledge on the growth requirements of A.paragallinarum, an organism that requires Vfactor, grows on blood agar with Staphylococcus aureus nurse colony, and is not very resistant outside the host.
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