AP World History 8.6 Flashcards

Zionist Movement and the Birth of Israel

• The Zionist movement advocated for the establishment of a separate Jewish state, leading to the creation of Israel.
• The Balfour Declaration endorsed the formation of a "national home" for Jews in Palestine while promising civil and religious rights to non-Jews.

Formation of Israel

• In 1948, the United Nations partitioned Palestine into Jewish and Arab sections, prompting the Jewish section to declare itself Israel.
• The United States emerged as a primary supporter of Israel, while Palestine received support from Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and Iraq.

Conflicts and Agreements

• The Six-Day War resulted in Israel acquiring territory, including the Gaza Strip, West Bank, East Jerusalem, and Golan Heights.
• The Camp David Accords, a peace agreement between Israel and Egypt, faced rejection from Palestine and several Arab states.

Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)

• The PLO aimed for the return of occupied territories and the establishment of an independent Palestinian nation.
• Palestinians were divided into factions, with Fatahs controlling the West Bank and Hamas governing Gaza.

Tensions in Gaza and the West Bank

• Increased Israeli border controls on the West Bank and Gaza sparked Palestinian anger, as these measures restricted normal activities.

Cambodia and Khmer Rouge

• The Khmer Rouge regime resulted in mass killings and exile for thousands of Cambodians while enforcing extreme communist policies.

Partition of Colonial India

• In 1947, colonial India was partitioned into predominantly Hindu India and predominantly Muslim Pakistan, leading to the relocation of approximately 10 million people.
• Post-partition, distrust between India and Pakistan deepened, culminating in ongoing conflicts, particularly over the Kashmir region.

Female Political Leaders in South Asia

• Sirimavo Bandaranaike became the world's first female prime minister in Sri Lanka, implementing radical land reforms and constitutional changes.
• Indira Gandhi, a key figure in India, developed a 20-point economic program to address inflation and corruption, imprisoning opposition leaders.
• Benazir Bhutto served as Pakistan's first elected female prime minister in a majority Muslim country.

African Politics and Socioeconomic Policies

• The Arusha Declaration of 1967 outlined African socialist principles in political and economic contexts.
• Julius Nyerere's presidency in Tanzania achieved significant milestones in education, collective farming, and economic independence.

Migration Patterns Post-Colonization

• Newly independent countries experienced significant emigration to former colonial powers, notably London, France, and the US, as citizens sought job opportunities.
• These migration patterns reinforced cultural and economic ties between former colonies and their colonizers.

Dive into the key concepts of the Zionist movement and the Balfour Declaration with these flashcards. Explore how these events contributed to the establishment of Israel and their implications for Jewish and non-Jewish populations. Prepare for your AP World History exam with this focused study tool.