Questions and Answers
What separates the bones of the skull?
Sutures
Which of the following can be considered a function of the paranasal sinuses?
Which bone of the skull is most associated with hearing and balance?
Temporal bone
Which bone is most associated with housing the special sense organs?
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Which structure is most associated with the process of warming and humidifying inhaled air?
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What is the primary function of the cranial bones?
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The sphenoid bone is sometimes referred to as a 'key stone' of the skull. This is due to the fact that ________.
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The sella turcica is part of the ________ bone and houses the ________ gland.
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The hypothalamus is directly superior to the pituitary and is therefore ________.
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One of the bone markings that can cause serious damage to the brain during concussion is the ________. This is ironic because one of the functions of this bone marking is to ________.
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Curvatures of the spine serve the body by ________.
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Which section of the vertebral column has the most flexibility?
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The difference in motion for the lumbar and thoracic spine is due to variation in ________.
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Which feature does not aid in the flexibility and movement of the thoracic cage?
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What is the main drawback of the highly mobile glenohumeral joint?
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Which option provides the least explanation for the high mobility of the arms?
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What joint allows for hinge-like motion of the forearm?
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The proximal end of the radius allows for ________.
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What does the axial skeleton include?
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Which vertebra does not have a body?
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What suture connects the two parietal bones together?
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What makes the hyoid bone unique?
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Along with support, what other function does the anterior longitudinal ligament of the vertebral column provide?
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What are the major functions of the intervertebral discs?
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Paranasal sinuses are found in which facial bones?
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What is an abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column often seen in the thoracic region?
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Which part of the vertebral column receives the most stress by bearing the body's weight?
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Which bone acts as a moveable base for the tongue?
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How do thoracic vertebrae differ from other vertebrae?
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What is the major function of the axial skeleton?
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The antebrachium is composed of which two bones?
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What is the 'true wrist' or carpus composed of?
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Which bone is in direct contact with the first metatarsal?
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Which bone forms the prominence of the cheek?
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The superior orbital fissure is formed in the sphenoid bone, whereas the inferior orbital fissure is formed between the sphenoid and ________.
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What is the abnormal curve often seen in pregnant women?
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How are thoracic vertebrae 11 and 12 different from other vertebrae?
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The superior nasal concha is part of which bone?
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Which of the following does not include the pelvic girdle?
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Which bone is not weight bearing?
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Which portion of the fibula articulates with the talus?
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Which part of the ethmoid bone forms the superior part of the nasal septum?
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Which movement cannot occur between vertebrae?
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A fibrous joint that is a peg-in-socket is called a ________ joint.
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What do the cruciate ligaments of the knee prevent?
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What is the function of articular cartilage found at the ends of long bones?
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What is a joint united by fibrocartilage tissue that usually permits slight movement?
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On the basis of structural classification, which is a fibrous joint?
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Connective tissue sacs lined with synovial membrane that act as cushions in places where friction develops are called ________.
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Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are called ________.
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Which of the following are cartilaginous joints?
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The gliding motion of the wrist uses ________ joints.
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What are the ligaments that protect the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles?
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What does bending your head back until it hurts exemplify?
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In the classification of joints, which of the following is true?
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What is the characteristic of synarthrotic joints?
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Fibrous joints are classified as ________.
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In symphysis joints, the articular surfaces of the bones are covered with ________.
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What is true about synovial fluid?
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Which statement defines synchondroses?
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What are menisci (articular discs)?
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Which statement is true regarding gliding movements?
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What is moving a limb away from the midline of the body called?
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The terms inversion and eversion pertain only to the ________.
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What type of synovial joint is the hip joint?
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Which movement does NOT increase or decrease the angle between bones?
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Compared to the shoulder, displacements of the hip joints are ________.
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Which ligament initiates the knee-jerk reflex when tapped?
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What structures are damaged when football players sustain lateral blows to the extended knee?
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Pointing the toes is an example of ________.
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Which of the following is a true statement?
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What type of joint has characteristics of a synovial cavity, articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and ligaments?
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Study Notes
Skull Bones and Functions
- Skull bones are separated by immobile joints known as sutures.
- Paranasal sinuses reduce the weight of bones while minimally affecting their strength.
- The temporal bone is primarily associated with hearing and balance.
- Facial bones are linked to housing special sense organs.
- Paranasal sinuses aid in warming and humidifying inhaled air.
- Cranial bones serve the crucial function of brain protection.
- The sphenoid bone acts as a "keystone" by articulating with almost all skull bones, except the mandible.
- The sella turcica, within the sphenoid bone, houses the pituitary gland.
Endocrine System and Brain Anatomy
- The hypothalamus, located superior to the pituitary gland, manages aspects of the endocrine system.
- The crista galli is associated with serious brain injuries during concussions despite its role in stabilizing the brain by attaching to the dura mater.
Spinal Structure and Movement
- Spine curvatures enhance flexibility, providing shock absorption.
- The cervical spine exhibits the most flexibility among vertebral sections.
- The orientation of articular facets explains variances in spinal motion: lumbar spine flexes and extends, while thoracic spine allows rotation with limited flexion.
Thoracic Cage Features
- The thoracic cage provides rigid support yet remains flexible; the jugular notch does not contribute to this flexibility.
Joint Mobility and Structure
- The glenohumeral joint connects the humerus to the pectoral girdle and is highly mobile, yet unstable, leading to potential dislocations.
- The ulna’s trochlear notch allows hinge-like motion, while the radial head permits rotational movement of the forearm.
Axial Skeleton Components
- The axial skeleton consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, providing central body support and organ protection.
- Atlas is the only vertebra without a body, contrasted by the sagittal suture connecting parietal bones.
Unique Characteristics of Bones
- The hyoid bone is distinct as it does not articulate with any other bone and serves as a movable base for the tongue.
- Thoracic vertebrae have costal facets for rib attachment, and abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is called scoliosis.
- Lordosis is an abnormal curve often seen in later stages of pregnancy.
Fibrous and Cartilaginous Joints
- Gomphosis joints are peg-in-socket fibrous joints, while syndesmosis describes a fibrous joint classification.
- Symphysial joints are united by fibrocartilage, allowing slight movement; synovial joints are defined by synovial fluid containing hyaluronic acid.
Muscle and Joint Functions
- The cruciate ligaments in the knee prevent hyperextension, and articular cartilage provides smooth surfaces for synovial joints.
- Menisci, or articular discs, are semilunar cartilage pads found in joints.
Movement Terminology
- Abduction describes moving a limb away from the body’s midline, and inversion/eversion pertains exclusively to foot motions.
- The hip joint is a multiaxial synovial joint, while plantar flexion refers to pointing toes.
Knee Joint Specifics
- The patellar ligament initiates the knee-jerk reflex, and lateral blows to an extended knee can damage the medial collateral ligament, medial meniscus, and anterior cruciate ligament.
Key Features of Joints
- Hinge joints possess a synovial cavity, articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and ligaments, maintaining functional integrity and mobility.
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Description
This quiz covers essential aspects of human anatomy and physiology related to the skull and its functions. Prepare yourself for Test 3 with these flashcards, focusing on sutures and the role of paranasal sinuses. Enhance your understanding and retention of key concepts in this subject.