Questions and Answers
Which of the following are stages of language development? (Select all that apply)
What is the babbling stage?
Stage in speech development in which the infant spontaneously makes random sounds at first that are unrelated to the household language.
What is the holophrastic stage?
Stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly in single words.
What occurs during the telegraphic stage?
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What is the syntax stage?
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What are the theories of language development?
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What is operant learning?
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What is inborn universal grammar?
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What is statistical learning?
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LAD is the ___________ while the exposure to a certain language is the ________.
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Study Notes
Stages of Language Development
- Four key stages: Babbling, Holophrastic, Telegraphic, and Syntax.
- Each stage represents a milestone in a child's speech and language acquisition.
Babbling Stage
- Characterized by infants producing random sounds that do not resemble the language spoken at home.
- Represents initial explorations of vocalization.
Holophrastic Stage
- Involves the use of single words by the child to convey entire ideas or concepts, such as "juice" for wanting juice.
- Reflects early attempts at communication.
Telegraphic Stage
- Features two-word utterances from children, expressing simple, clear ideas like "go car" or "plane fly."
- Demonstrates emerging understanding of necessary word combinations.
Syntax Stage
- Children have acquired the ability to use correct word order in sentences, indicating a deeper grasp of language structure.
- Marks progression to more complex language use.
Language Development Theories
- Three primary theories: Operant Learning (B.F. Skinner), Inborn Universal Grammar (Noam Chomsky), and Statistical Learning.
- Each theory offers unique insights into how language is acquired and learned.
Operant Learning
- Proposed by B.F. Skinner, emphasizing the role of nurture in language development.
- Suggests that language is learned through reinforcement; correct responses are rewarded, leading to vocabulary and grammar acquisition.
- Example: A baby learns to request "milk" to receive it, reinforcing language use.
Inborn Universal Grammar
- Introduced by Noam Chomsky, opposing Skinner's view.
- Argues children naturally acquire language rules and vocabulary without explicit teaching.
- Concept of Language Acquisition Device (LAD) suggests that language abilities are hardwired into the brain.
Statistical Learning
- Acknowledges aspects of both Skinner's and Chomsky's theories.
- Suggests language development involves innate abilities alongside experiential learning.
- Recognizes that language learning occurs through exposure and context, not solely based on reinforcement.
Nature vs. Nurture in Language Acquisition
- LAD represents the innate aspects (nature) of language learning.
- Exposure to language (nurture) is crucial for developing communicative skills.
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Description
Test your understanding of key terms from Unit 8 of AP Psychology. This quiz focuses on the stages of language development, including the babbling, holophrastic, telegraphic, and syntax stages. Perfect for AP exam preparation!
