Questions and Answers
What is sensation?
What does perception involve?
How we recognize, interpret, and organize our sensations.
What is psychophysics?
The branch of psychology that deals with the effects of physical stimuli on sensory response.
Define absolute threshold.
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What does signal detection theory (SDT) study?
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What are detection thresholds?
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What is a hit in signal detection theory?
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What is a miss in signal detection theory?
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What is a false alarm in signal detection theory?
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What is a correct rejection?
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Define discrimination thresholds.
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What is just noticeable difference (JND)?
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What does Weber's law state?
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What is subliminal perception?
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Describe the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon.
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Study Notes
Sensation and Perception
- Sensation involves studying the connection between physical stimuli and their psychological impacts.
- Perception refers to the process of recognizing, interpreting, and organizing sensory information.
Psychophysics
- Branch of psychology focusing on how physical stimuli affect sensory responses.
- Determines the minimum detectable amounts of sound, pressure, taste, and other stimuli.
Thresholds
- Absolute Threshold: The least stimulation required for a stimulus to be detected 50% of the time.
- Detection Thresholds: Levels at which stimuli can be sensed or perceived.
- Discrimination Thresholds: The ability to differentiate between two stimuli.
- Just Noticeable Difference (JND): The smallest detectable difference between two stimuli.
Signal Detection Theory (SDT)
- Focuses on the detection of signals (stimuli) where a participant indicates whether they sense a signal or not.
- Factors include the presence or absence of a signal and participants' responses.
Response Categories in SDT
- Hit: Correctly sensing a present signal.
- Miss: Failing to sense a present signal.
- False Alarm: Reporting a signal that is not actually there.
- Correct Rejection: Accurately identifying that no signal is present.
Weber's Law
- Established by Ernst Weber, observing that JND is proportional to the stimulus intensity.
- At lower weights, small changes are easily noticeable, but at higher weights, subtler changes are harder to detect.
Subliminal Perception
- Involves processing stimuli presented too quickly for conscious awareness, leading to preconscious information processing.
Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon
- A preconscious processing scenario where an individual knows information exists but struggles to retrieve it consciously.
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Description
This quiz covers essential terms in AP Psychology related to sensation and perception. Learn about the definitions and concepts of sensation, perception, and psychophysics. Perfect for students preparing for the AP exam and wanting to understand the foundational elements of psychological study.