AP Psychology Chapter 17 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is counterconditioning?

A type of medication therapy

Behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors (correct)

An approach used exclusively in family therapy

A technique used in Cognitive Therapy

What do exposure therapies treat?

Anxieties by exposing people to the things they fear and avoid.

Define systematic desensitization.

Counterconditioning that involves a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli.

What is Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy?

Anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears. Signup and view all the answers

What does aversive conditioning do?

Associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of behavior modification?

To reinforce desired behaviors and withhold reinforcement or punish undesired behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What is a token economy?

An operant conditioning procedure where people earn tokens for desired behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What does cognitive therapy aim to teach?

New, adaptive ways of thinking and acting. Signup and view all the answers

Define stress inoculation training.

Teaching people to restructure their thinking in stressful situations. Signup and view all the answers

What is cognitive-behavior therapy?

Combines changing self-defeating thinking with changing behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is family therapy?

Treats family as a system, focusing on positive relationships and improved communication. Signup and view all the answers

What does regression toward the mean refer to?

The tendency for extremes of unusual scores to fall back toward their average. Signup and view all the answers

What is psychopharmacology?

The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is psychotherapy?

An emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone with psychological difficulties. Signup and view all the answers

What does biomedical therapy involve?

Prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patient's nervous system. Signup and view all the answers

What is the eclectic approach in therapy?

Uses techniques from various forms of therapy. Signup and view all the answers

Define psychoanalysis.

Freud's technique involving free association, resistance, and transference to facilitate self-insight. Signup and view all the answers

What does resistance refer to in psychoanalysis?

Blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material. Signup and view all the answers

What is interpretation in psychoanalysis?

Analysts' noting behaviors and events to promote insight. Signup and view all the answers

What does transference mean in psychoanalysis?

Patients' transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships. Signup and view all the answers

What is psychodynamic therapy focused on?

Themes across relationships, including childhood and current interactions. Signup and view all the answers

What does interpersonal psychotherapy aim to do?

Helps gain insight into the roots of difficulties. Signup and view all the answers

What is client-centered therapy?

A humanistic therapy developed by Carl Rogers that involves active listening and acceptance. Signup and view all the answers

What does nondirective therapy involve?

Listening without directing toward insights. Signup and view all the answers

What is active listening?

Empathetic listening involving echoing, restating, and clarifying. Signup and view all the answers

What is behavior therapy?

Applies learning principles to eliminate unwanted behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Behavior Therapies

Counterconditioning: A behavioral therapy technique aimed at replacing unwanted responses to stimuli with new, positive reactions.
Exposure Therapies: Treat anxiety by incrementally exposing individuals to feared objects or situations, facilitating desensitization.
Systematic Desensitization: Combines counterconditioning with relaxation techniques, exposing patients to anxiety-inducing stimuli gradually while keeping them relaxed.
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: Uses immersive technology to simulate feared experiences (e.g., flying, public speaking) to help confront and manage anxiety.
Aversive Conditioning: Links an undesirable behavior with a painful or unpleasant stimulus, fostering an aversion to that behavior.
Behavior Modification: Involves reinforcing desired behaviors while applying punishment or withholding rewards for undesirable actions.
Token Economy: An operant conditioning system that rewards positive behavior with tokens, which can be exchanged for privileges or treats.

Cognitive Therapies

Cognitive Therapy: Focuses on teaching individuals to develop positive thoughts and coping mechanisms, highlighting the impact of thought patterns on emotions and behaviors.
Stress Inoculation Training: Teaches individuals to reframe their thinking and prepare for stress-inducing scenarios effectively.
Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT): Merges cognitive and behavioral approaches by addressing negative thought patterns while simultaneously modifying behaviors.

Family and Group Therapies

Family Therapy: Views the family as a unit; addresses individual problems as they relate to family dynamics and promotes improved communication and relationships.
Interpersonal Psychotherapy: Helps individuals understand the underlying issues contributing to their difficulties, focusing on interpersonal relationships.

Psychotherapy Techniques

Psychoanalysis: Originating from Freudian techniques, it utilizes methods such as free association and interpretation to uncover and resolve repressed emotions and past experiences.
Resistance: Observed in psychoanalysis when individuals block feelings and memories that cause anxiety from entering consciousness.
Interpretation: The analyst's role in identifying significant behaviors or dreams to help patients gain understanding and insight into their thoughts and feelings.
Transference: A phenomenon in therapy where patients project emotions from significant relationships onto the therapist, revealing underlying issues.
Psychodynamic Therapy: Explores themes and influences from past and present relationships, emphasizing the role of unconscious processes.

Humanistic Therapies

Client-Centered Therapy: Developed by Carl Rogers, emphasizes a non-judgmental, accepting, and empathetic environment to facilitate personal growth through active listening.
Nondirective Therapy: Involves the therapist listening and refraining from directing the conversation, allowing clients to discover their own insights.
Active Listening: A key component of client-centered therapy where the therapist reflects and clarifies the client's thoughts, promoting an open dialogue.

Other Key Terms

Behavior Therapy: Applies behavioral principles to eliminate undesirable behaviors.
Biomedical Therapy: Involves medical treatment, including medication or procedures that directly affect the nervous system.
Eclectic Approach: Integrates various therapeutic techniques to tailor treatment to individual client needs.
Psychopharmacology: Focuses on the impact of medications on mental health and behavior.
Regression Toward the Mean: A statistical phenomenon where extreme observations tend to return to average over time.

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Enhance your understanding of key concepts from AP Psychology Chapter 17 with these flashcards. This quiz covers important terms related to behavior therapies, including counterconditioning and exposure therapies. Test your knowledge and reinforce your learning effectively.