Questions and Answers
What is the social-cognitive perspective?
Views behavior as influenced by the interactions between people's traits and their social context.
What does reciprocal determinism describe?
The interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition, and environment.
Who is Albert Bandura?
A psychologist who emphasized the importance of cognitive processes in learning behaviors.
What is personal control?
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What is an external locus of control?
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What is an internal locus of control?
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What is self-efficacy?
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Two ways to study the effects of personal control are to correlate people's feelings of control with their behaviors and achievements and to ______.
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What are characteristics of strong self-efficacy? (Select all that apply)
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What are characteristics of weak self-efficacy? (Select all that apply)
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What does permanence refer to in ways of explaining life events?
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What does pervasiveness refer to in ways of explaining life events?
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What does personal refer to in ways of explaining life events?
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What is positive psychology?
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What is an evaluation of the Social-Cognitive perspective?
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What is a critique of the Social-Cognitive perspective?
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Study Notes
Social-Cognitive Perspective
- Behavior is shaped by the interaction of personal traits and social environment, with an emphasis on personal control.
Reciprocal Determinism
- Interaction among behavior, internal thought processes, and environmental factors.
Albert Bandura
- Highlighted learning through conditioning and observation, stressing the role of cognitive processes in behavior.
Personal Control
- Refers to the perceived ability to influence one's environment, contrasting feelings of helplessness.
External Locus of Control
- Belief that fate is determined by external forces or chance, beyond personal influence.
Internal Locus of Control
- Belief that individuals hold power over their own outcomes and destiny.
Self-Efficacy
- A core concept where belief in one’s capabilities affects thinking, behavior, and emotional responses.
Studying Personal Control
- Two primary methods: correlating feelings of control with behaviors and achievements; experimenting by manipulating the sense of control.
Strong Self-Efficacy Traits
- View challenges as tasks to overcome, engage deeply in activities, commit strongly, and rebound quickly from disappointments.
Weak Self-Efficacy Traits
- Avoid challenging tasks, doubt capabilities, concentrate on failures, and quickly lose confidence.
Permanence in Explanations
- Perception of life events' lasting impacts: Optimists view setbacks as temporary; pessimists as permanent.
Pervasiveness in Explanations
- View of life events affecting various life areas: Optimists see positive events as widespread; pessimists see negatives as all-encompassing.
Personal Explanation of Events
- Attribution of events to unchangeable traits: Optimists attribute successes to personal qualities; pessimists view successes as circumstantial.
Positive Psychology
- Focuses on understanding and fostering strengths and virtues for optimal human functioning.
Evaluation of Social-Cognitive Perspective
- Strong empirical foundation based on research in learning and cognition.
Critique of Social-Cognitive Perspective
- Criticism exists for overemphasis on situational factors at the expense of personal traits.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the social-cognitive perspective of personality from AP Psychology Unit 10. This quiz focuses on key terms like reciprocal determinism and influential psychologists. Perfect for reviewing concepts related to behavior and social context.
