Pelvis, Hip, Proximal Femur

What does pelvis mean?

Basin

What does the pelvis serve as?

Base of the trunk

How many bones make up the pelvis?

4

What are the female features of the pelvis compared to males?

Wider/shallower shape, light body structure, oval inlet, wider outlet

Name the 3 parts that make up the true or lesser pelvis.

Superior aperture (inlet), pelvic cavity, inferior aperture (outlet)

What bones compose the part of the pelvis referred to as the hip bone?

Ilium, ischium, pubis

What is the ASIS abbreviation in anatomy?

Anterior superior iliac spine

What does the ilium consist of?

Body and ala

How much of the acetabulum does the ilium form?

2/5ths

What is the acetabulum composed of?

2/5ths ilium, 2/5ths ischium, 1/5th pubis

What is the position of the patient for AP oblique pelvis?

Patient supine, flex both hips and knees, draw the feet up (butterfly legs), and abduct thighs 45 degrees.

Where should the central ray be directed for AP oblique pelvis?

Midsagittal plane, 1-inch superior to the pubic symphysis.

What is another name for the AP axial outlet projection pelvis?

Taylor method.

How is the patient positioned for the AP axial inlet projection pelvis?

Patient supine.

What is the central ray angle for the AP axial inlet projection pelvis?

40-degree caudal.

What is the Judet method used for?

AP internal and external oblique pelvis.

In which position is the patient for the AP external oblique pelvis?

45-degree semi-supine with affected side DOWN.

What is the structure evaluated in the AP internal oblique pelvis?

Iliopubic column and posterior rim of the acetabulum.

Where is the central ray directed for the lateral hip position?

Femoral neck.

What is another name for the lateral hip position?

Modified cleaves or unilateral frog leg.

What is the central ray alignment for a cross-table lateral hip?

To the long axis of the femoral neck (aim to the crease)

In the Clements Nakayama position, how should the image receptor orientation be adjusted?

Dip the superior part back 15 degrees

How should the inner leg, hip, and knee be rotated in an AP proximal femur position?

10-15 degrees internally (slight pigeon toe)

Where should the top of the image receptor be placed in an AP distal femur position?

At the ASIS

What is the central ray alignment for an AP femur?

Midfemur

How should the patient be positioned in a mediolateral femur view?

Roll towards affected side and flex knee 45 degrees; adjust pelvis 10-15 degrees from lateral

Where should the bottom of the image receptor be located in a mediolateral femur view?

2-inches below the knee joint

What structures are seen in an AP femur that should not be foreshortened?

Femoral neck

What is the most superior aspect of the pelvis?

Iliac crest

Which part of the femur is not visualized in an AP femur view?

Lesser trochanter

In a mediolateral femur view, what structures are seen at the proximal and distal ends?

Proximal: Greater and lesser trochanters not prominent; Distal: Patella in profile, femoral condyles superimposed

How many important structures make up the Ilium?

6

What is the largest foramen in the body?

Obturator foramen

What forms 2/5 of the acetabulum?

Ischial body

What is the name of the anatomical line from the greater trochanter to the lesser trochanter anteriorly?

Intertrochanteric line

What is the classification of the hip joint?

Synovial, ball and socket joint

What joint is the articulation between the superior rami of the left and right pubic bones?

Pubic symphysis

What is the articulation of the left and right ilia with the sacrum posteriorly?

Sacroiliac joint

What is the name of the bone that is considered the 'wing' of the ilium?

Ala

What is the breathing instruction for pelvis, hip, and femur imaging?

Suspended respiration