A&P Lab Six Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

How many primary tissue types are found in the human body?

Endocrine and exocrine glands are classified as epithelium because they usually develop from epithelial membranes.

True

Epithelial tissues can be classified according to cell shape. ___ epithelial cells are scalelike and flattened.

squamous

This type of epithelium lines the digestive tract from stomach to anus.

simple columnar Signup and view all the answers

All connective tissue is derived from an embryonic tissue known as?

mesenchyme Signup and view all the answers

All of the following are examples of connective tissue except:

Neurons Signup and view all the answers

Blood is a type of connective tissue.

True Signup and view all the answers

Of the two major cell populations in nervous tissue, ___ are highly specialized to receive stimuli and conduct waves of excitation to all parts of the body.

neurons Signup and view all the answers

How many basic types of muscle tissue are there?

three Signup and view all the answers

This type of muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs; it has no striations and its cells are spindle shaped.

smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium?

Allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration; secretes lubricating substances. Signup and view all the answers

Where is simple cuboidal epithelium typically found?

Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands; ovary surface. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium?

Protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion. Signup and view all the answers

Where is transitional epithelium located?

Lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra. Signup and view all the answers

Connective tissue proper includes which types of tissues?

Areolar, adipose, reticular, and dense (fibrous) connective tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of adipose connective tissue?

Provides reserve fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs. Signup and view all the answers

What type of connective tissue forms the framework of lymphoid organs?

Reticular connective tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of cartilage?

Hyaline and elastic cartilage. Signup and view all the answers

What is one key function of blood?

Transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances. Signup and view all the answers

Where is blood located in the body?

Within blood vessels. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of skeletal muscle?

Voluntary movement, locomotion, and manipulation of the environment. Signup and view all the answers

Where can cardiac muscle be found?

Only in the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of smooth muscle?

Involuntary, non-striated muscle found in the walls of hollow organs. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Primary Tissue Types

Four primary tissue types identified in the human body: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.

Epithelial Tissue

Characterized by its development from epithelial membranes; includes endocrine and exocrine glands classified as epithelium.
Epithelial cells are classified by shape: squamous (scalelike and flattened), cuboidal (cube-shaped), and columnar (column-shaped).
Simple columnar epithelium lines the digestive tract from the stomach to anus, facilitating absorption and secretion.
Simple squamous epithelium functions in diffusion and filtration, found in kidneys and blood vessels.
Transitional epithelium allows flexibility and stretching, located in the urinary system.

Connective Tissue

Derived from mesenchyme, an embryonic tissue; serves to protect, support, and bind other tissues.
Types of connective tissue include bone, cartilage, fat (adipose), blood, and connective tissue proper (areolar, dense, etc.).
Blood is classified as connective tissue, playing a role in transport throughout the body.
Bone provides structural support and protects vital organs; blood is essential for transporting gases and nutrients.
Dense connective tissue includes tendons and ligaments, providing strength and support.

Muscle Tissue

Three basic types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.
Skeletal muscle is voluntary, striated, and responsible for locomotion and facial expressions; multinucleated with nuclei at the periphery.
Cardiac muscle is found in the heart, involuntary, with striations and intercalated discs that synchronize contractions.
Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs, lacks striations, and controls involuntary movements.

Nervous Tissue

Composed of neurons and supporting glial cells; neurons are specialized for transmitting electrical signals.
Functions in communication between the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
Located primarily in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, orchestrating reflexes and sensory transmissions.

Additional Details on Specific Types

Stratified squamous epithelium provides protection in areas subject to abrasion (e.g., esophagus, skin).
Stratified cuboidal epithelium is found in large ducts of glands and functions in protection.
Stratified columnar epithelium serves as a protective layer and is rare in the body.
Cartilage types (hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage) vary in strength and flexibility, serving roles in joints and structural support.

Cellular and Matrix Components

Connective tissue features an extracellular matrix that provides strength and supports tissue structure.
Ground substance in connective tissue includes interstitial fluid and cell adhesion proteins.
Hematopoietic tissue is responsible for blood cell formation, found in bone marrow.

These notes summarize the major concepts of human tissue types, their functions, locations, and characteristics critical for understanding anatomy and physiology.

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Description

Test your knowledge of primary tissue types and epithelial classifications with these flashcards. This quiz covers key definitions and concepts essential for understanding human anatomy and physiology. Perfect for students in anatomy and physiology courses.