AP Human Geography - Unit 2 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is transhumance?

  • Seasonal movement of livestock between pastures (correct)
  • Migration caused by natural disasters
  • Permanent settlement of a community
  • Urban migration due to job opportunities

    • What defines an international refugee?

    Fleeing from one country to another

    What characterizes an intranational refugee?

    Fleeing from one region to another

    What is a permanent refugee?

    <p>A refugee who does not return to their country of origin and is given permanent residence status in the new country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a temporary refugee?

    <p>Status given to a refugee prior to receiving permanent residency in a new country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are expansive population policies?

    <p>Government policies that encourage large families and raise the rate of population growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe eugeuic population policies.

    <p>Government policies designed to favor one racial sector over others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do restrictive population policies aim to accomplish?

    <p>Reduce the rate of natural increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by negative population growth?

    <p>The death rate is higher than the birth rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the one child policy refer to?

    <p>An act in China that allows people to have only 1 child in the city and 2 children in the countryside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are immigration laws?

    <p>Laws and regulations designed to control immigration into a state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are vital records?

    <p>Information about births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and the incidence of certain infectious diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a census?

    <p>An official numbering of the people of a country or district</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define nutritional density.

    <p>Measure of how much nutrition can be produced from land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is baby boom?

    <p>An increase in population by almost 30 million people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does mobility refer to in this context?

    <p>Freedom to move from place to place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are transnational migrants?

    <p>Migrants who set up homes and/or work in more than one nation-state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suburbanization?

    <p>The process of population movement from within towns and cities to the rural-urban fringe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define eco-migration.

    <p>Population movement caused by the degradation of land and essential natural resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a population explosion?

    <p>The rapid growth of the world's human population during the past century</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is personal space?

    <p>A concept closely related to territoriality, proposed by anthropologist Edward Hall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a farmstead?

    <p>The buildings and adjacent grounds of a farm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a J-curve?

    <p>A projection population model showing exponential growth shaped like a J-curve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Cairo Plan?

    <p>A plan developed at the 1994 Conference on Population and Development calling for stabilizing the world's population at 7.8 billion by 2050</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define overpopulation.

    <p>The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is carrying capacity?

    <p>The largest number of individuals of a population that an environment can support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an S-curve?

    <p>The horizontal bending or leveling of an exponential or J-curve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are migration fields?

    <p>Areas from which a given city or place draws a majority of the in-migrants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does channelized migration refer to?

    <p>When one family member migrates to a new country and the rest of the family follows shortly after</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Ravenstein's Laws of Migration?

    <p>Laws of migration established in the 1880s based on studies in the UK, stating that most migrants move only a short distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Key Concepts in Migration and Population Policies

    • Transhumance: Regular seasonal movement of human groups; livestock migrates between pastures.
    • International vs. Intranational Refugees: International refugees flee to another country, while intranational refugees move within the same country.
    • Permanent vs. Temporary Refugees: Permanent refugees gain residency in a new country and do not return, whereas temporary refugees await permanent status.

    Population Policies

    • Expansive Population Policies: Encourage large families to boost population growth.
    • Eugeuic Population Policies: Favor specific racial or ethnic groups through targeted government policies.
    • Restrictive Population Policies: Aim to lower natural population growth rates.

    Population Dynamics

    • Negative Population Growth: Occurs when the death rate surpasses the birth rate.
    • One Child Policy: China's directive limiting urban families to one child and rural families to two.
    • Census: An official count of the population in a specific area.

    Population Growth Factors

    • Nutritional Density: Measure of nutrition produced relative to land area; more fertile regions have higher nutritional density.
    • Baby Boom: Significant population increase post-war, resulting in larger families and suburban growth.
    • Mobility: Refers to the freedom and ability to relocate.

    Migration Types

    • Transnational Migrants: Individuals living and working across multiple nations.
    • Eco-migration: Movement driven by environmental degradation and resource scarcity.
    • Channelized Migration: A pattern where one family member migrates, and the rest follow.
    • Suburbanization: Movement of populations from urban centers to surrounding rural areas.
    • Population Explosion: Rapid global population growth observed in the last century.
    • Carrying Capacity: Maximum population size an environment can sustainably support.

    Population Projections and Theories

    • J-Curve: Population growth model indicating exponential growth, leading to increased resource demand.
    • S-Curve: Represents a leveling off of exponential population growth.
    • Migration Fields: Geographic areas supplying the majority of migrants to a specific location.

    Historical and Policy Frameworks

    • Ravenstein's Laws of Migration: Historical laws describing migration patterns, emphasizing that most migrants travel short distances.
    • Cairo Plan: A 1994 initiative aimed at stabilizing global population growth while addressing resources, emphasizing education for girls and family planning.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge with this set of flashcards focused on Unit 2 of AP Human Geography. Covering essential terms such as transhumance and types of refugees, these cards will help reinforce your understanding of key geographical concepts. Perfect for exam preparation or self-study.

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