Questions and Answers
What is diffusion?
The movement of people, goods, or ideas across space.
Who discovered/invented diffusion?
Carl Sauer
What is cultural diffusion?
The spread of an idea or innovation from its hearth to other places.
What are the barriers to diffusion?
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What is Time/Distance Decay?
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What are Cultural Barriers?
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What are Physical Barriers?
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What are the types of diffusion?
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What is Expansion diffusion?
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What are the types of Expansion diffusion?
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What is Hierarchical diffusion?
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What is an example of Hierarchical diffusion?
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What is Contagious diffusion?
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What is an example of Contagious diffusion?
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What is Stimulus diffusion?
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What is an example of Stimulus diffusion?
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What is Relocation diffusion?
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What are the types of Relocation diffusion?
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What is Migrant diffusion?
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What is an example of Hierarchical diffusion?
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What is Acculturation?
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What is an example of Acculturation?
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What is Assimilation?
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What is an example of Assimilation?
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Study Notes
Diffusion Overview
- Diffusion is the movement of people, goods, or ideas across space.
- Introduced by Carl Sauer.
Cultural Diffusion
- Cultural diffusion refers to the spread of an idea or innovation from its hearth to other locations.
Barriers to Diffusion
- Time/Distance Decay: Innovations are less likely to be adopted the further they are from their source and the longer it takes.
- Cultural Barriers: Certain practices or innovations may be unacceptable in specific cultures (e.g., pork, alcohol, contraceptives).
- Physical Barriers: Natural obstacles such as mountains or bodies of water can inhibit the adoption of ideas or innovations.
Types of Diffusion
- Two primary types: Expansion diffusion and Relocation diffusion.
Expansion Diffusion
- Expansion diffusion entails the spread of an innovation or idea, continuously affecting a growing number of people.
- Types include:
- Hierarchical Diffusion: Spread of ideas through established structures, typically from those in power to others.
- Contagious Diffusion: Equal spread of ideas within a population, regardless of social or economic status.
- Stimulus Diffusion: Adoption of underlying principles without specific traits due to cultural obstacles.
Examples of Diffusion Types
- Hierarchical Diffusion: AIDS spread from urban areas to urban areas, skipping smaller towns.
- Contagious Diffusion: Walmart’s expansion across America exemplifies contagious diffusion.
- Stimulus Diffusion: The adaptation of McDonald’s menu in India to exclude beef to cater to cultural norms.
Relocation Diffusion
- Relocation diffusion involves the movement of individuals who carry cultural attributes to new locations.
- Migrant Diffusion: A type of relocation diffusion characterized by innovations that have initial strong adoption but are short-lived.
Cultural Concepts
- Acculturation: Process where smaller or weaker groups adopt traits from a dominant culture, while still retaining some original traits (e.g., Aztecs adopting Spanish culture).
- Assimilation: A more complete integration where cultural differences become indistinguishable (e.g., widespread wearing of jeans in various cultures).
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Description
Test your knowledge on diffusion concepts in AP Human Geography with these flashcards. Learn about the definition of diffusion, its inventor Carl Sauer, cultural diffusion, and the barriers that affect it. Perfect for students preparing for their exams.