AP Human Geography A Sense of Place 1.3 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

How can a toponym be named?

After a person

Associated with religion

Both A and B (correct)

None of the above

What is a name given to a place?

Toponym

What is the definition of site?

A physical characteristic of a place

What are the characteristics of a site?

The climate, water sources, topographical soil, vegetation, latitude, and elevation Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of situation?

The location of a place relative to other places Signup and view all the answers

What do situations help us find?

An unfamiliar place Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of situation?

It's down past the courthouse, on L.Street, after the third traffic light, beside the yellow-brick bank. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of region?

A region derives its unified character through cultural landscape. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 main topics of region?

Cultural features, economic features, physical features Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a formal region?

An area in which everyone shares one or more distinctive characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a formal region?

A region that shares cultural features like language or economic activity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a functional region?

An area organized around a focal point Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a vernacular region?

An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a vernacular region?

The South, as referred to by Americans Signup and view all the answers

What is globalization?

A force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide Signup and view all the answers

What does globalization mean in terms of interaction?

The scale of the world is shrinking, improving interaction possibilities. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of distribution?

The arrangement of a feature in space Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main properties of features as they are distributed across Earth?

Density, concentration, and pattern Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of density?

The frequency with which something occurs in space Signup and view all the answers

How could density be measured?

By people, houses, cars, trees, or anything else. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two measures density has?

The number of a feature and the size of the land area Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of concentration?

The extent of a feature's spread over space Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of pattern?

The geometric arrangement of objects in space Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of humanistic geography?

Emphasizes the different ways that individuals form ideas about place Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of behavioral geography?

Emphasizes the importance of understanding the psychological basis for individual human actions in space Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of poststructuralist geography?

Examines how the powerful in a society dominate or seek to control Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of uneven development?

The increasing gap in economic conditions between regions in the core and periphery Signup and view all the answers

What is diffusion?

The process by which a feature spreads across space from one place to another over time Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of hearth?

A place from which an innovation originates Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of relocation diffusion?

The speed of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of expansion diffusion?

The spread of a feature from one place to another in an additive process Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of hierarchical diffusion?

The spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of contagious diffusion?

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of stimulus diffusion?

The spread of an underlying principle even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of distance decay?

The farther away someone is from another, the less likely the two are to interact Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of space-time compression?

Reduction in the time it takes for something to reach another place Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a network?

A chain of communication that connects places Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of assimilation?

The process by which a group's cultural features are altered to resemble those of another group Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of acculturation?

The process of changes in culture that result from the meeting of two groups Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of syncretism?

The combining of elements of two groups into a new cultural feature Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Toponyms and Place Names

A toponym can derive its name from a person or religious association.
A toponym refers to the name given to a specific location.

Site and Its Characteristics

"Site" refers to the physical characteristics of a place.
Key aspects of site include climate, water sources, topography, soil, vegetation, latitude, and elevation.

Situation and Its Importance

"Situation" describes a place's location in relation to other locations.
Situations are beneficial for locating unfamiliar places by comparing them to known locations.
Example of situation: Directions using nearby landmarks and streets for navigation.

Regions and Their Features

A region is characterized by a cultural landscape and a combination of cultural, economic, and physical features.
Three main aspects of regions:
- Cultural features: language and religion.
- Economic features: agriculture and industry.
- Physical features: climate and vegetation.

Types of Regions

Formal Region: A uniform area where all inhabitants share one or more distinctive characteristics.
Example of formal region: Areas unified by a common language or a specific economic activity.
Functional Region: Organized around a central focal point or node.
Vernacular Region: Defined by people's perceptions and cultural identity.
Example of vernacular region: The South in the United States, recognized for distinct cultural and environmental features.

Globalization

A process that integrates different parts of the world, leading to worldwide interactions and influences.
Globalization causes the world to feel smaller due to enhanced interactions between people, objects, or ideas across distances.

Distribution and Its Properties

Distribution refers to the arrangement of features in a given space.
Main properties of distribution: density, concentration, and pattern.

Density, Concentration, and Pattern

Density: Frequency of a feature's occurrences within a specific space, measurable by factors like population or objects.
Concentration: Describes the extent of a feature's spread; can be clustered or dispersed.
Pattern: The geometric arrangement of objects in space.

Human Geography Approaches

Humanistic Geography: Focuses on individual perspectives and symbolic meanings people attach to places.
Behavioral Geography: Emphasizes psychological motivations driving human behavior in relation to space.
Poststructuralist Geography: Analyzes power dynamics and control within societal structures.

Uneven Development and Economic Disparity

Uneven development refers to economic disparities between wealthy core regions and poorer peripheral regions, exacerbated by globalization.

Diffusion and Its Types

Diffusion: The process of spreading a feature over space and time.
Relocation Diffusion: Movement of people carrying an idea to a new location.
Expansion Diffusion: The additive spread of a feature from one place to another.
Hierarchical Diffusion: Spread of ideas from influential individuals or nodes to others.
Contagious Diffusion: Rapid and widespread dissemination of characteristics throughout a population.
Stimulus Diffusion: A principle spreads even if the specific characteristic does not.

Distance Decay and Space-Time Compression

Distance Decay: A concept that states interaction decreases as distance increases.
Space-Time Compression: Refers to a reduction in the time it takes for ideas or people to reach a location.

Networks and Cultural Interactions

A network is a communication chain connecting different places.
Assimilation: The process where a group's cultural features are altered to reflect another group's traits.
Acculturation: Cultural change resulting from the interaction of two groups.
Syncretism: The merging of elements from two cultures into a new cultural expression.

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts from AP Human Geography, specifically focusing on toponyms and the characteristics of a site's physical attributes. It provides definitions and examples to enhance understanding of geographical terminology. Perfect for students preparing for exams or reviewing important terms.