AP Government Review Set

Questions and Answers

Which amendment abolished slavery?

10th Amendment

13th Amendment (correct)

15th Amendment

14th Amendment

What does the 14th Amendment guarantee?

Citizenship for all born in the U.S. and equal protection of the laws.

The 15th Amendment allows states to deny the right to vote based on race.

False

What power does the 16th Amendment grant Congress?

The power to tax income. Signup and view all the answers

The 17th Amendment established direct election of senators by state legislatures.

False Signup and view all the answers

The 19th Amendment prohibits denying the right to vote based on ______.

gender Signup and view all the answers

What does the 22nd Amendment limit?

Presidents to two terms in office. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the 24th Amendment?

To abolish poll taxes. Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment allows citizens 18 and older to vote?

26th Amendment Signup and view all the answers

The 2nd Amendment protects the right to arm bears.

False Signup and view all the answers

What do the 4th and 5th Amendments protect against?

Unreasonable searches and seizures, and self-incrimination. Signup and view all the answers

What is guaranteed by the 6th Amendment?

The right to counsel in criminal trials. Signup and view all the answers

What does the 8th Amendment prohibit?

Cruel and unusual punishment. Signup and view all the answers

What are unenumerated rights according to the 9th Amendment?

Rights not specifically listed in the Constitution. Signup and view all the answers

What is a confederation?

A nonbinding union of sovereign states. Signup and view all the answers

Agents of socialization include family, TV/media, friends, and ______.

school Signup and view all the answers

American political culture values limited government.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the Commerce Clause?

Congress's power to regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 aim to prevent?

Discrimination based on race or gender. Signup and view all the answers

What can block grants be used for?

General purposes like education or road-building. Signup and view all the answers

What does casework involve?

Assistance given to individual constituents by congressional members. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major principle of the American government?

Checks and Balances Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Constitutional Amendments

The 10th Amendment reserves powers not granted to the federal government to the states or the people, emphasizing state rights.
The 13th Amendment abolished slavery and is one of the three Reconstruction Amendments enacted between 1865 and 1870.
The 14th Amendment defines citizenship, ensures due process, and mandates equal protection under the law; also a Reconstruction Amendment.
The 15th Amendment prohibits denial of voting rights based on race, marking it as the first Voting Rights Amendment alongside others like the 19th, 24th, and 26th Amendments.
The 16th Amendment empowers Congress to levy an income tax.
The 17th Amendment instituted the direct election of U.S. senators, shifting electorial power from state legislatures to the public.
The 19th Amendment guarantees women the right to vote, eliminating gender-based voting discrimination.
The 1st Amendment safeguards freedoms related to religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
The 22nd Amendment limits presidents to two terms, promoting electoral fairness.
The 23rd Amendment grants Washington D.C. electoral votes, treating it like a state despite its lack of congressional representation.
The 24th Amendment eliminates poll taxes, removing financial barriers to voting.
The 26th Amendment assures the right to vote for citizens aged 18 and older.
The 2nd Amendment protects the individual's right to bear arms, supported by interest groups like the NRA.
The 4th Amendment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and is linked to the exclusionary rule established in landmark cases.
The 5th Amendment protects individuals from self-incrimination, double jeopardy, and guarantees due process.
The 6th Amendment ensures the right to legal counsel in criminal cases and the right to a jury trial.
The 7th Amendment affirms the right to a jury trial in civil disputes.
The 8th Amendment restricts cruel and unusual punishment, which is interpreted through evolving societal standards.
The 9th Amendment recognizes unenumerated rights that may not be specifically listed in the Constitution.
The Constitution establishes foundational laws and institutions, detailing governmental powers and citizens' rights.

Political Foundations

Agents of Socialization include family, media, peers, and schools, playing key roles in shaping political beliefs and opinions.
American Political Culture is characterized by foundational values such as democracy, equality before the law, and limited government.
Anti-Federalists opposed the 1787 Constitution, advocating for states' rights and fearing central government tyranny.
The Articles of Confederation, America's first governing document, created a weak central authority, later replaced by the current Constitution.

Political Behavior and Democracy

The Bandwagon Effect describes the tendency to support popular candidates, influencing voter behavior in primary elections and contributing to Primary Frontloading.
Block Grants provide federal funds to states for general purposes, allowing states discretion in spending, as seen in welfare programs.
Casework refers to congressional assistance provided to individuals, influencing incumbents' advantages during elections.
Categorical Grants allocate federal funds for specific programs, with strict regulations on spending, exemplified by Medicaid.
Checks and Balances is a principle ensuring no single government branch gains excessive power, with defined roles for Congress, the President, and the judiciary.

Landmark Figures and Legislation

Chief Justice John Marshall served from 1801-1835 and strengthened federal government authority through landmark cases such as McCulloch v. Maryland.
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination based on race and gender in employment and public accommodations and created the EEOC for enforcement.
The Commerce Clause in Article 1 empowers Congress to regulate interstate commerce, interpreted broadly by the Supreme Court, affecting federal-state relations.

Demographics and Representation

Congressional demographics predominantly reflect a wealthy, highly educated, white male population, leading to significant underrepresentation of women and minorities in the legislature.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key amendments in U.S. history with this AP Government review set. Cover the 10th, 13th, and 14th Amendments and their significance in American law and rights. Perfect for students preparing for the AP exam.