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Questions and Answers
What is the role of the president as head of the executive branch called?
What is the role of the president as head of the executive branch called?
- Commander in Chief
- Chief Administrator
- Chief Executive (correct)
- Chief Diplomat
What is the term for the president as supreme commander of the military forces?
What is the term for the president as supreme commander of the military forces?
- Commander in Chief (correct)
- Chief of State
- Chief Administrator
- Chief of the Party
What does the Chief of State represent?
What does the Chief of State represent?
- Ceremonial duties and the nation (correct)
- Legislation
- Foreign policy
- Military command
What is the president's executive role as head of federal agencies known as?
What is the president's executive role as head of federal agencies known as?
What is the role of the president in recognizing foreign governments and making treaties called?
What is the role of the president in recognizing foreign governments and making treaties called?
What is the term for the president as the architect of public policy?
What is the term for the president as the architect of public policy?
Which power allows the president to issue executive orders?
Which power allows the president to issue executive orders?
What is the power of the president to appoint office positions known as?
What is the power of the president to appoint office positions known as?
What is the ability to keep executive communications confidential known as?
What is the ability to keep executive communications confidential known as?
What law spells out conditions under which the president can commit troops without congressional approval?
What law spells out conditions under which the president can commit troops without congressional approval?
What powers grant the president the ability to grant amnesty and pardons?
What powers grant the president the ability to grant amnesty and pardons?
What constitutional requirement mandates that presidents ensure laws are executed faithfully?
What constitutional requirement mandates that presidents ensure laws are executed faithfully?
What occurs when a president kills a bill by not acting on it during the last 10 days of Congress?
What occurs when a president kills a bill by not acting on it during the last 10 days of Congress?
What is issued by the president after signing a bill, providing interpretation of the law?
What is issued by the president after signing a bill, providing interpretation of the law?
What term describes presidential refusal to allow an agency to spend funds allocated by Congress?
What term describes presidential refusal to allow an agency to spend funds allocated by Congress?
What is the political equivalent of an indictment in criminal law called?
What is the political equivalent of an indictment in criminal law called?
What are regulations originating from the executive branch called?
What are regulations originating from the executive branch called?
What is the command or authorization given to do something known as?
What is the command or authorization given to do something known as?
What is a pardon?
What is a pardon?
What is a presidential reprieve?
What is a presidential reprieve?
What is presidential commutation?
What is presidential commutation?
What does amnesty refer to in a presidential context?
What does amnesty refer to in a presidential context?
What does the 22nd Amendment limit?
What does the 22nd Amendment limit?
What does the 25th Amendment clarify?
What does the 25th Amendment clarify?
Who is the Chief of Staff?
Who is the Chief of Staff?
Who is the Press Secretary?
Who is the Press Secretary?
Who is the Senior Advisor?
Who is the Senior Advisor?
Who is the Officer of Management & Budget?
Who is the Officer of Management & Budget?
Who is the Secretary of State?
Who is the Secretary of State?
Who is the Secretary of Defense?
Who is the Secretary of Defense?
Who is the Attorney General?
Who is the Attorney General?
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Study Notes
Presidential Roles and Powers
- Chief Executive: President leads the executive branch of the government.
- Commander in Chief: President is the highest military authority, commanding the armed forces and state National Guard.
- Chief of State: Serves as the ceremonial leader and symbol of the nation.
- Chief Administrator: Oversees federal agencies and ensures national policy implementation.
- Chief Diplomat: Manages foreign relations, recognizes governments, and negotiates treaties.
- Chief Legislator: Influences public policy and sets the congressional agenda.
- Chief of the Party: Supports party goals and assists in the election of party officials.
Presidential Powers
- Ordinance Power: Authority to issue executive orders governing federal actions.
- Appointment Power: Ability to nominate individuals for federal positions.
- Executive Privilege: Allows for confidentiality in executive communications, especially regarding national security.
- Executive Agreement: Formal agreements with foreign leaders not requiring Senate approval.
- War Powers Resolution: Law defining conditions under which a president can deploy troops without Congress's consent.
Legislative and Judicial Functions
- President's Legislative Powers: Include message power, veto authority, and the ability to recommend legislation.
- President's Judicial Powers: Include granting pardons, reprieves, and amnesty.
Constitutional Requirements and Legislative Tools
- Take Care Clause: Mandates that the president ensures laws are executed faithfully, regardless of personal disagreement.
- Pocket Veto: Mechanism to deny a bill by inaction during the last 10 days of Congress's session.
- Signing Statements: Post-signing comments from the president that interpret or modify legislation's intent.
- Impoundment: Presidential action of withholding funds appropriated by Congress.
Impeachment and Presidential Limitations
- Impeachment: A constitutional process where the House may indict the president for serious offenses.
- Executive Orders: Regulations issued by the president to manage the federal bureaucracy.
Election and Terms
- Presidential Mandate: Evident endorsement from voters, requiring over 50% of the vote for a candidate.
- Pardon: Formal excusing of a specific offense.
- Presidential Reprieve: Temporary postponement of punishment in federal cases.
- Presidential Commutation: Authority to reduce a sentence or fine of an individual.
- Amnesty: Pardon extended to a group of people.
Amendments Affecting the Presidency
- 22nd Amendment: Limits presidents to two terms, ratified in 1951.
- 25th Amendment: Clarifies presidential succession and procedures addressing presidential incapacitation.
Key Presidential Advisors
- Chief of Staff: Currently held by Daley, managing the White House staff and operations.
- Press Secretary: Currently Carney, responsible for communications with the media.
- Senior Advisor: Currently Plouffe, advising the president on various matters.
- Director of Office of Management & Budget: Currently Leu, overseeing budgetary processes.
- Secretary of State: Clinton, managing foreign policy and international relations.
- Secretary of Defense: Gates, overseeing military and defense policies.
- Attorney General: The head of the Department of Justice, providing legal advice to the president and federal government.
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