Questions and Answers
Identify TWO benefits, other than agriculture and recreation, that people derive from the system of dams on the Colorado River.
Discuss TWO potential environmental consequences of damming a major river.
Habitat alteration; population decline of migratory fish.
Describe TWO conservation strategies for reducing agricultural water consumption.
Employ microirrigation; choose crops that do not require irrigation.
Identify TWO possible environmental consequences of climate change on the hydrology of the Colorado River system.
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Identify and describe TWO possible consequences of climate change on coastal ecosystems.
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Why are zebra mussels located primarily in areas in the eastern United States rather than in the western United States?
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How are zebra mussels introduced into isolated lakes? Describe one viable method for preventing the spread.
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Identify and explain one impact that zebra mussels can have on aquatic ecosystems.
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Identify another invasive species and describe one negative impact it has had.
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Give a specific example of introducing a nonnative species to control an invasive species and discuss a negative impact.
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Discuss TWO specific characteristics of invasive species that enable them to thrive in new environments.
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Explain how an increase in the amount of dissolved CO2 in ocean water results in a decrease in the pH of ocean water.
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Study Notes
Colorado River Dams
- Benefits include hydroelectric power generation and affordable electricity.
- Dams provide flood control, reducing the risk of flooding in surrounding areas.
Environmental Consequences of Dams
- Habitat alteration leads to the displacement or death of native species, including fish, plants, and birds.
- Damming causes population declines and disrupts migratory patterns of species like salmon.
Agricultural Water Conservation Strategies
- Microirrigation methods, such as drip or trickle irrigation, improve water-use efficiency.
- Adoption of drought-resistant crops suited to the climate reduces reliance on irrigation.
Climate Change Impacts on Colorado River Hydrology
- Warmer temperatures can lead to reduced snowpack in the Rocky Mountains and increased evaporation from water bodies and soil.
- Altered timing of snowmelt affects water availability in the region.
Effects of Increased Precipitation
- Higher precipitation can enhance surface water and groundwater inputs, improving aquifer recharge.
- Increased sedimentation in bodies of water impacts water quality and aquatic habitats.
Climate Change Consequences for Coastal Ecosystems
- Rising sea levels inundate terrestrial ecosystems, causing loss of habitat and saltwater intrusion into freshwater resources.
- More frequent severe storms result in habitat destruction and increased mortality of coastal species.
Zebra Mussels in the United States
- Introduced primarily in the eastern U.S., zebra mussels are spreading westward across the continent.
Introduction and Prevention of Zebra Mussels
- Transport via boats or trailers and water carried in boats facilitates the spread of zebra mussels into isolated lakes.
- Prevention includes thorough inspection and cleaning of boats, and flushing or draining water between bodies.
Ecosystem Impact of Zebra Mussels
- Zebra mussels clear water by filtering out solids, resulting in increased water clarity and transparency.
Invasive Species Example: Cane Toad
- Cane toads negatively impact ecosystems by killing native predators due to their toxic secretions.
Biological Control Issues
- Introducing nonnative species, such as insects to control purple loosestrife, can lead to predation on nontarget species, disrupting local ecosystems.
Characteristics of Invasive Species
- Invasive species often produce large clutches of offspring, leading to rapid population growth.
- They tend to reproduce early and frequently, enhancing their establishment in new environments.
Ocean Acidification Process
- Dissolved CO2 in ocean water forms carbonic acid, resulting in decreased pH levels, altering marine ecosystems.
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Description
Explore key concepts in AP Environmental Science with these flashcards focused on FRQ answers. This set covers the benefits and consequences of damming rivers, specifically highlighting the Colorado River. Ideal for quick study and review for AP exam preparation.
