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Questions and Answers
What is the expression to calculate S° for SO2(g)?
What is the expression to calculate S° for SO2(g)?
C.S°=1/2[187+(2×257)−205]J/(mol⋅K)
Which of the following can best be used to justify that the synthesis of NH3 is thermodynamically favorable at 298K and constant pressure?
Which of the following can best be used to justify that the synthesis of NH3 is thermodynamically favorable at 298K and constant pressure?
- K<1
- ΔG°>0
- ΔH°<0
- ΔG°=−RTlnK>1 (correct)
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Study Notes
Chemical Thermodynamics Concepts
- The reaction of sulfur dioxide (SO2) with oxygen (O2) produces sulfur trioxide (SO3).
- Absolute entropies (S°) of O2(g) and SO3(g) are necessary for thermodynamic calculations.
- To find the standard entropy of SO2(g), the formula is:
- S° = 1/2 [187 + (2 × 257) - 205] J/(mol⋅K).
- The relationship used is derived from the equation ΔS°reaction = Σ(moles of substance × S°)products - Σ(moles of substance × S°)reactants.
Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Favorability
- The synthesis of ammonia (NH3) can be analyzed through the equilibrium constant (K) and standard enthalpy change (ΔH°rxn).
- A reaction is thermodynamically favorable at 298 K and constant pressure if the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°) is less than zero.
- The equation ΔG° = -RT ln K can be applied; a negative ΔG° indicates a favorable process.
- If ln K is positive, ΔG° becomes negative, affirming thermodynamic favorability (ΔG° > 0).
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