AP 7 Reviewer: Philippine History and Exploration

Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese explorer who famously landed on Homonhon island in the Philippines in 1521. This marked the beginning of European influence and colonization in the region.

The Moluccas were a group of islands in Indonesia known for their abundant spice production. These spices, like nutmeg and cloves, were highly sought after in Europe, making the Moluccas a prime target for Western exploration and trade.

The tribute was a form of tax imposed on Filipinos during the Spanish colonization. It consisted of goods or services that were required to be paid regularly to the Spanish authorities.

Polo was a forced labor system implemented by the Spanish colonial government in the Philippines. Men aged 16 to 60 were obligated to work for a certain period for the Spanish government, often in projects like road construction or public works.

Reducción aimed to relocate indigenous populations into designated settlements for better control and administration. This strategy allowed the Spanish authorities to monitor and manage the native people more effectively.

The ‘Divide and Rule’ policy was a key strategy employed by the Spanish to conquer and maintain control over the Philippines. It involved dividing the Filipinos into smaller groups, fostering rivalries between them, and exploiting these divisions to weaken their resistance.

The term 'Divide and Rule' refers to a strategy that involves breaking a larger group into smaller, competing factions, often exploiting their differences to maintain control.

Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe proved that the Earth was indeed round, contradicting the prevailing flat-earth theory. This significant discovery revolutionized geographical knowledge.

The exploitation of divisions between indigenous groups in the Philippines allowed the Spanish to conquer and secure control over the archipelago. This strategy was instrumental in their successful colonization.

The 'Divide and Rule' policy was a powerful tool used by the Spanish to control and exploit the Philippines. Their success in applying this strategy highlights how divisive tactics can be effective in gaining and maintaining power.