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Questions and Answers
In a scenario with a semipermeable membrane separating two compartments, one with 20% NaCl and the other with 50% NaCl, where does water initially diffuse?
In a scenario with a semipermeable membrane separating two compartments, one with 20% NaCl and the other with 50% NaCl, where does water initially diffuse?
- From the 50% NaCl compartment to the 20% NaCl compartment. (correct)
- From the 20% NaCl compartment to the 50% NaCl compartment.
- Water diffuses equally in both directions.
- There is no diffusion of water.
In the same scenario, what is true about the diffusion of Na+ ions?
In the same scenario, what is true about the diffusion of Na+ ions?
- Na+ ions diffuse equally in both directions.
- There is no diffusion of Na+ ions because the membrane is not permeable to them. (correct)
- Na+ ions diffuse from the 20% NaCl compartment to the 50% NaCl compartment.
- Na+ ions diffuse from the 50% NaCl compartment to the 20% NaCl compartment.
Which of the following scenarios will result in the highest rate of water diffusion through a semipermeable membrane?
Which of the following scenarios will result in the highest rate of water diffusion through a semipermeable membrane?
- A large semipermeable membrane separating a hypertonic solution from a another hypertonic solution.
- A small semipermeable membrane separating a hypotonic solution from a isotonic solution.
- A small semipermeable membrane separating a hypertonic solution from a hypotonic solution. (correct)
- A large semipermeable membrane separating a hypotonic solution from an isotonic solution
What effect does the increase of hydrogen ions have on pH levels?
What effect does the increase of hydrogen ions have on pH levels?
Which solution has the least movement of water, through a semipermeable membrane?
Which solution has the least movement of water, through a semipermeable membrane?
Which field of study focuses on the functions of the body?
Which field of study focuses on the functions of the body?
If an atom has 16 protons, 17 neutrons, and 16 electrons, what is its atomic mass?
If an atom has 16 protons, 17 neutrons, and 16 electrons, what is its atomic mass?
What is the main function of lysosomes?
What is the main function of lysosomes?
The atomic number of an element is defined by its number of:
The atomic number of an element is defined by its number of:
Which subatomic particle is located within the atom's nucleus?
Which subatomic particle is located within the atom's nucleus?
What type of section divides the body into upper and lower portions?
What type of section divides the body into upper and lower portions?
Which characteristic defines an isotope?
Which characteristic defines an isotope?
What is the pH value of a neutral solution?
What is the pH value of a neutral solution?
In which body cavity are the lungs located?
In which body cavity are the lungs located?
How are covalent bonds formed?
How are covalent bonds formed?
What does the chemical formula O2 indicate?
What does the chemical formula O2 indicate?
Which statement accurately describes the electrical charge of a neutron?
Which statement accurately describes the electrical charge of a neutron?
The mediastinum is located within which larger cavity?
The mediastinum is located within which larger cavity?
What anatomical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior segments?
What anatomical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior segments?
Which term refers to the rupture of red blood cells?
Which term refers to the rupture of red blood cells?
What type of solution causes red blood cells to shrink?
What type of solution causes red blood cells to shrink?
What is a defining characteristic of a compound?
What is a defining characteristic of a compound?
The spinal cavity is categorized as part of which larger body cavity?
The spinal cavity is categorized as part of which larger body cavity?
What is the atomic mass of an atom determined by?
What is the atomic mass of an atom determined by?
Where are electrons found in an atom?
Where are electrons found in an atom?
In which body cavity is the brain primarily located?
In which body cavity is the brain primarily located?
What is a characteristic of an acid?
What is a characteristic of an acid?
Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle?
Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle?
Which best describes the charge of an electron?
Which best describes the charge of an electron?
An atom with 20 protons and 18 electrons would:
An atom with 20 protons and 18 electrons would:
A condition resulting from low blood pH is called:
A condition resulting from low blood pH is called:
The primary function of ATP is that it:
The primary function of ATP is that it:
In an isotonic solution, a blood cell will experience:
In an isotonic solution, a blood cell will experience:
Which of the following statements is correct?
Which of the following statements is correct?
Aqueous solutions are characterized by which substance as their solvent?
Aqueous solutions are characterized by which substance as their solvent?
Which cellular organelles are known as the 'power plants' of the cell?
Which cellular organelles are known as the 'power plants' of the cell?
If an atom has 9 protons and 10 electrons, what is its overall charge?
If an atom has 9 protons and 10 electrons, what is its overall charge?
Which statement is true regarding the thoracic cavity?
Which statement is true regarding the thoracic cavity?
A blood pH of 7.28 indicates which condition?
A blood pH of 7.28 indicates which condition?
How is the heart positioned in relation to the lungs?
How is the heart positioned in relation to the lungs?
Which term is most opposite to 'medial'?
Which term is most opposite to 'medial'?
In a beaker with a semipermeable membrane separating a 20% NaCl solution (A) and a 50% NaCl solution (B), what will happen at equilibrium, regarding water volume?
In a beaker with a semipermeable membrane separating a 20% NaCl solution (A) and a 50% NaCl solution (B), what will happen at equilibrium, regarding water volume?
What is the atomic number of an atom with 16 protons, 17 neutrons, and 16 electrons?
What is the atomic number of an atom with 16 protons, 17 neutrons, and 16 electrons?
The nucleolus is directly involved in the production of what?
The nucleolus is directly involved in the production of what?
If a patient has a blood pH of 7.28, how might this be described?
If a patient has a blood pH of 7.28, how might this be described?
Flashcards
Compounds
Compounds
Substances made up of two or more different types of atoms.
Spinal Cavity
Spinal Cavity
Part of the dorsal cavity that houses the spinal cord.
Atomic Mass
Atomic Mass
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.
Proton Charge
Proton Charge
A proton in an atom carries a positive charge.
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Electron Role
Electron Role
Subatomic particles found in orbitals around the nucleus.
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Brain Location
Brain Location
The brain is housed within the cranial cavity.
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Acid Definition
Acid Definition
A substance with a pH less than 7.
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pH Scale
pH Scale
A measure of acidity or basicity of a solution.
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pH Neutral
pH Neutral
A pH that is equal to 7.
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Physiology
Physiology
The study of how the body functions.
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Atomic Mass Calculation
Atomic Mass Calculation
The atomic mass is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom.
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Lysosomes
Lysosomes
Baglike structures that contain digestive enzymes.
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Atomic Number
Atomic Number
The number of protons in an atom, which determines its identity.
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Nucleus Subatomic Particles
Nucleus Subatomic Particles
Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.
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Transversal Section
Transversal Section
A cut that divides the body into upper and lower portions.
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Isotope
Isotope
An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
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Thoracic Cavity Division
Thoracic Cavity Division
The thoracic cavity is divided into the mediastinum and the dorsal cavity.
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Blood pH 7.28
Blood pH 7.28
A blood pH of 7.28 indicates an excess of hydrogen ions (H+), suggesting acidosis.
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Heart and Lungs Relationship
Heart and Lungs Relationship
The heart is medial to the lungs, meaning it is closer to the midline of the body.
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Opposite of Medial
Opposite of Medial
The term most opposite to medial is lateral, meaning farther from the midline of the body.
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Semipermeable Membrane
Semipermeable Membrane
In a beaker with two compartments, water moves from lower to higher salt concentration across a semipermeable membrane.
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Acidosis
Acidosis
A condition where blood pH is below normal (7.35), indicating too much acid in the blood.
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Water Volume in Compartments
Water Volume in Compartments
At equilibrium in a semipermeable system, the volume of water in compartment A will be less than in compartment B due to the salt gradient.
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Location of lungs
Location of lungs
The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity.
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Covalent bonds
Covalent bonds
Covalent bonds are formed when electrons are shared between atoms.
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Oxygen gas formula
Oxygen gas formula
The formula for oxygen gas is O2, meaning it consists of two atoms of oxygen.
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Neutrons' charge
Neutrons' charge
Neutrons have no electrical charge; they are neutral particles in an atom.
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Mediastinum location
Mediastinum location
The mediastinum is part of the ventral cavity in the thorax.
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Frontal section
Frontal section
A cut dividing the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions is called a frontal section.
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Hemolysis
Hemolysis
Hemolysis means 'the bursting of red blood cells'.
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Crenation
Crenation
Crenation is the shrinkage of red blood cells in a hypertonic solution.
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Ion Charge Calculation
Ion Charge Calculation
An atom with 20 protons and 18 electrons has a +2 charge.
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Low Blood pH Condition
Low Blood pH Condition
Low blood pH indicates acidosis.
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ATP Function
ATP Function
ATP is an energy transfer molecule.
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Acids and H+ Ions
Acids and H+ Ions
Acids produce an excess of H+ ions.
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Isotonic Solution Effect
Isotonic Solution Effect
In an isotonic solution, there is no net movement of water in/out of a cell.
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Aqueous Solutions
Aqueous Solutions
Aqueous solutions use water as the solvent.
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Cell Powerhouses
Cell Powerhouses
The mitochondria are the power plants of the cell.
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Effect of Acidosis
Effect of Acidosis
Acidosis lowers blood pH.
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Hypotonic solution
Hypotonic solution
A solution with a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution.
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Isotonic solution
Isotonic solution
A solution with an equal concentration of solutes compared to another solution.
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Hypertonic solution
Hypertonic solution
A solution with a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution.
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Osmosis
Osmosis
The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low solute concentration to high.
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Effect of H+ ions on pH
Effect of H+ ions on pH
An increase in H+ ions results in a decrease in pH value, making a solution more acidic.
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Exam 1 Retake - A&P 101
- Question 1 (Multiple Choice): Centrioles are rod-shaped structures vital for cell division.
- Question 2 (Multiple Choice): Cilia are small, hair-like structures on the surface of some cells.
- Question 3 (Multiple Choice): A sagittal section divides the body into right and left portions.
- Question 4 (True/False): Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. (True)
- Question 5 (True/False): A prone position has the dorsal side facing the ground. (False)
- Question 6 (Multiple Choice): Distal is the opposite of proximal.
- Question 7 (Multiple Choice): The knee is distal (further from the point of attachment) to the ankle.
- Question 8 (Multiple Choice): Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
- Question 9 (Multiple Choice): Dissecting is a process that cuts apart something for study, and anatomy is about the structure.
- Question 10 (Multiple Choice): A base has a pH greater than 7 and has more OH- ions than H+ ions in solution.
- Question 11 (True/False): The leg is the part of the body between the knee and ankle. (False)
- Question 12 (Multiple Choice): The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of canals within the cytoplasm.
- Question 13 (Multiple Choice): The nucleus controls most cellular activities.
- Question 14 (True/False): The thoracic cavity is NOT divided into mediastinum and dorsal cavity. (False)
- Question 15 (Multiple Choice): A blood pH of 7.28 indicates an excess of H+ ions.
- Question 16 (Multiple Choice): The heart is medial to the lungs.
- Question 17 (Multiple Choice): Lateral is opposites of medial.
- Question 18 (Multiple Choice): The water will diffuse from compartment A to compartment B in the beaker scenario.
- Question 19 (Multiple Choice): The atomic number is 16.
- Question 20 (Multiple Choice): Compounds are made up of two or more different types of atoms
- Question 21 (Multiple Choice): The spinal cavity is part of the dorsal cavity.
- Question 22 (Multiple Choice): Atomic mass equals the sum of neutrons and protons.
- Question 23 (True/False): Protons have a positive charge. (True)
- Question 24 (Multiple Choice): Electrons are found in orbitals around the atom's nucleus.
- Question 25 (Multiple Choice): The brain is located in the cranial cavity.
- Question 26 (Multiple Choice): An acid has a pH less than 7 (and more H+ ions).
- Question 27 (Multiple Choice): Physiology is the study of functions in the body.
- Question 28 (Multiple Choice): The atomic mass is 33.
- Question 29 (True/False): Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes.(True)
- Question 30 (Multiple Choice): Atomic number is equal to the number of protons.
- Question 31 (Multiple Choice): Neutrons are in the nucleus.
- Question 32 (Multiple Choice): A transverse section divides the body into upper and lower halves.
- Question 33 (Multiple Choice): An isotope has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
- Question 34 (Multiple Choice): An atom with 20 protons and 18 electrons would have a +2 charge.
- Question 35 (Multiple Choice): Low blood pH results in acidosis.
- Question 36 (Multiple Choice): ATP is an energy transfer molecule
- Question 37 (True/False): Acids produce an excess of H+ ions.(True)
- Question 38 (Multiple Choice): There will be no net movement if the cell is in an isotonic solution.
- Question 39 (True/False): Aqueous solutions have water as a solvent. (True)
- Question 40 (Multiple Choice): Mitochondria are the "power plants" of the cell.
- Question 41 (Multiple Choice): The lungs are in the thoracic cavity.
- Question 42 (Multiple Choice): Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons.
- Question 43 (Multiple Choice): O2 means that oxygen gas is made of two oxygen atoms bonded together.
- Question 44 (True/False): Neutrons have no electric charge. (True)
- Question 45 (Multiple Choice): The mediastinum is within the ventral cavity.
- Question 46 (Multiple Choice): A frontal section divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.
- Question 47 (Multiple Choice): Hemolysis means "bursting of red blood cells".
- Question 48 (Multiple Choice): A hypertonic solution causes shrinkage.
- Question 49 (Multiple Choice): Water diffuses from compartment A to compartment B.
- Question 50 (True/False): Increased H+ ions decreases the pH value. (False)
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Description
Prepare for your Anatomy and Physiology 101 Exam with this retake quiz. It covers essential concepts such as cell structures, anatomical position, and basic physiology. Test your understanding of the key terms and definitions crucial for success in the course.