A&P 1 - Unit 1 & 2 Key Concepts

The structure of the body

Functions of organs and organ systems of the body

Atom

<p>Organized or specialized structures within a living cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A group of atoms bonded together</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A group of specialized cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to maintain internal stability, with a change in environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The internal state of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A process in which the body senses a change and activates mechanisms to reverse it</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Widening of blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Narrowing of blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consists of the skin, hair, nails, glands, and nerves. Function is to retain body fluids, protect against disease, eliminate waste products, and regulate body temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consists of 206 bones, as well as tendons, cartilage, and ligaments. Function is for support, movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage and endocrine regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. Permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Circulates blood and lymph through the body, consisting of the heart, blood vessels, blood, lymph, and the lymphatic vessels and glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Network of vessels through which lymph drains from the tissues into the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acts upon ingested food by physical and chemical means to provide the body with absorbable nutrients and to excrete waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Allows a person to breathe and exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body. Consists of nasal passages, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes and lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra. Functions to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Functions in reproduction and consists of the testes, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate, and urethra in males and the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva in females.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>206</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scientific method refers less to observational procedures than to certain habits of disciplined creativity, careful observation, logical thinking, and honest analysis of one's observations and conclusions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A process of making numerous observations until one feels confident in drawing generalizations and predictions from them</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The group in an experiment that receives the variable being tested</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consists of subjects that are as much like the treatment group as possible except with respect to the variable being tested</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A variable that is held constant in order to assess or clarify the relationship between the other two variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A variable whose value depends on that of another</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anything that occupies space and has mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mutual attraction between two atoms resulting from a redistribution of their outer electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any of two or more forms of a chemical element, having the same number of protons in the nucleus, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus, or different atomic weights</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each of more than one hundred substances that cannot be chemically interconverted or broken down into simpler substances and are primary constituents of matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A figure expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale on which 7 is neutral, lower values are more acid, and higher values more alkaline</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Molecules composed of only two atoms, of the same or different chemical elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms or groups of atoms with an odd (unpaired) number of electrons and can be formed when oxygen interacts with certain molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A unit of matter or energy that's the fundamental makeup of all matter. According to modern atomic theory, an atom has a nucleus, which is its center, or core. The nucleus contains subatomic particles: protons and neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Benefit the body by neutralizing and removing the free radicalsfrom the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unequal distribution of the negatively charged electrons in the orbitals of the molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A chemical bond formed between two ions with opposite charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, external forces like gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The elastic tendency of a fluid surface which makes it acquire the least surface area possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polarity in water is what allows our bodies to dissolve a variety of substances, more than any other liquid, and its strong surface tension, which allows it to form drops and to travel through tiny roots, stems and capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tendency of one substance to cling to another. Water adheres to large membranes reducing friction around organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to participate in chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-hydrophilic -root &quot;sacchar&quot;; suffix &quot;ose&quot; -quick source of energy -oxidized to make ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-Glucose, Galactose, Fructose -Produced by digestion of complex Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-Hydrophobic -5 types... Fatty acids, Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Eicosinoids, Steroids -functions in energy storage, builds hormones, Protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A carboxylic acid consisting of a hydrocarbon chain and a terminal carboxyl group</p> Signup and view all the answers