Aortic Reconstruction and Arterial Catheter Placement

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What was the primary purpose of the cardiac catheterization performed on 1000 patients?

To assess the effectiveness of cardiac medications

To monitor cardiac function during surgery

To diagnose coronary artery disease

To prepare patients for peripheral vascular surgery (correct)

How were the patients' coronary arteries classified in the study?

Based on the type of peripheral vascular surgery required

Based on the presence of aortic aneurysms

Based on the patient's medical history and symptoms

Based on the severity of CAD and collateral circulation (correct)

What percentage of patients had no suspected CAD?

21% (correct)

14%

85%

49%

What was the definition of severe, correctable CAD in the study?

Greater than 70% stenosis in one or more coronary arteries Signup and view all the answers

How many patients had severe, inoperable CAD?

58 Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the journal where the study was published?

Annals of Surgery Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for selecting the radial artery for cannulation?

It is superficial and easily accessible Signup and view all the answers

Why is a noninvasive blood pressure cuff placed on the arm contralateral to the arterial catheter?

In the event of catheter malfunction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a central venous catheter in open aortic procedures?

To monitor CVP and administer drugs directly into the central circulation Signup and view all the answers

In what patients is the routine use of pulmonary artery catheter monitoring recommended?

Patients with severely limited cardiopulmonary function Signup and view all the answers

What is the correlation between CVP and left ventricular filling pressure in patients with good left ventricular and pulmonary function?

There is a strong correlation Signup and view all the answers

When can invasive monitoring catheters be placed?

Either before or after induction of general anesthesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of placing a pulmonary artery catheter before induction?

It enables the assessment of the patient's awake cardiovascular status Signup and view all the answers

In what type of patients may pulmonary artery catheter monitoring be beneficial?

High-risk patients undergoing complex aortic reconstruction Signup and view all the answers

What has been the outcome of clinical studies on the clinical value of pulmonary artery catheter monitoring in high-risk patients?

Conflicting and variable results, including both increases and decreases in mortality Signup and view all the answers

What was the conclusion of the large prospective, randomized trial sponsored by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and the FDA?

Treatment guided by a pulmonary artery catheter had no benefit compared to standard care Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during surgery?

To assess global ventricular function and guide intravascular fluid therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of correcting significant abnormalities in cardiac filling and function before induction?

To optimize the patient's cardiovascular status for surgery Signup and view all the answers

What type of aortic dissection requires immediate surgical intervention?

Dissections involving the ascending aorta Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients with chronic aortic dissection will develop significant aneurysmal dilatation?

20% to 40% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for early surgical intervention in patients with acute aortic dissection?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which type of aortic dissection has an intimal tear in the proximal descending thoracic aorta?

Type III Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment approach for acute dissections involving the descending aorta?

Conservative management Signup and view all the answers