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Questions and Answers
What is the role of purlins in a roof truss structure?
What is the role of purlins in a roof truss structure?
- They connect the web members to the chords.
- They serve as overhang extensions.
- They provide horizontal support across the rafters. (correct)
- They form the apex of the roof.
What is the highest point of a roof truss where the sloping top chords meet called?
What is the highest point of a roof truss where the sloping top chords meet called?
- Apex (correct)
- Heel
- Joint
- Cantilever
Which component of a roof truss extends beyond its support?
Which component of a roof truss extends beyond its support?
- Heel
- Joint
- Overhang (correct)
- Purlin
What does the term 'clear span' refer to in the context of roof trusses?
What does the term 'clear span' refer to in the context of roof trusses?
What is the function of a nail plate in roof truss construction?
What is the function of a nail plate in roof truss construction?
What is the primary purpose of a roof?
What is the primary purpose of a roof?
Which of the following is NOT a requirement of a good roof?
Which of the following is NOT a requirement of a good roof?
Which type of pitched roof does not require intermediate support across the slope?
Which type of pitched roof does not require intermediate support across the slope?
What characteristic defines a lean to roof?
What characteristic defines a lean to roof?
Which type of roof is characterized by common rafters that meet without forming a peak?
Which type of roof is characterized by common rafters that meet without forming a peak?
What factor contributes to the structural stability of a roof?
What factor contributes to the structural stability of a roof?
Which is an example of a type of pitched roof?
Which is an example of a type of pitched roof?
How does a trussed roof primarily differ from a single roof?
How does a trussed roof primarily differ from a single roof?
What is the primary characteristic of a couple roof?
What is the primary characteristic of a couple roof?
What distinguishes a couple close roof from a couple roof?
What distinguishes a couple close roof from a couple roof?
What component of a roof truss is primarily used for ceiling placement?
What component of a roof truss is primarily used for ceiling placement?
Which component of a roof truss serves as a horizontal support for the walls?
Which component of a roof truss serves as a horizontal support for the walls?
What is the maximum span for a couple close roof?
What is the maximum span for a couple close roof?
In a collar beam roof, what is the primary purpose of the collar beam?
In a collar beam roof, what is the primary purpose of the collar beam?
What function does the apex serve in the components of a roof truss?
What function does the apex serve in the components of a roof truss?
Which component of a roof truss is used to strengthen joints between the members?
Which component of a roof truss is used to strengthen joints between the members?
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Study Notes
Types of Roof Truss
- Roof trusses are structural frames that support a roof, providing strength and stability.
- The primary function of a roof is to protect against weather elements like rain, snow, sunlight, heat, and wind.
Requirements of a Good Roof
- A well-designed roof should be durable, well-insulated, structurally sound, well-drained, waterproof, and fire-resistant.
Types of Pitched Roofs
- Single Roofs are the simplest type and commonly used in small structures.
- Lean-to Roof consists of a single slope supported by one wall that is higher than the other. It has a maximum span of 2.40 meters.
- Couple Roof has rafters sloping upwards from opposite walls, meeting at a ridge.
- Couple-Close Roof is similar to a couple roof but with a tie beam connecting the bottom of the rafters. It has a maximum span of 4.20 meters.
- Collar Beam Roof includes a horizontal beam connecting the rafters to provide additional support.
- Collar and Scissors Roof features a collar beam and additional diagonal bracing for increased strength.
- Double or Purlin Roofs use purlins, horizontal beams that are supported by the rafters. These roofs are used in larger structures where a wider span is needed.
Components of a Roof Truss
- Wall Plate/Bearing: Horizontal timber placed at the top of the external walls, providing the base for the truss.
- Tie Beam/Bottom Chord: Runs horizontally across the building, often 1.2m apart, supporting the ceiling.
- Rafter/Top Chord: Slanted members that form the sloping roof, usually 1.2m apart.
- Webs: Vertical or diagonal members that connect the top and bottom chords, adding strength and stability.
- Purlins/Battens: Horizontal beams placed across the rafters, usually 0.9m apart, supporting the roof covering.
- Apex: The highest point of the truss where the top chords meet.
- Cantilever: Part of the structural member that extends beyond its support.
- Clear Span: Horizontal distance between the interior edges of supports.
- Heel: Point where the top and bottom chords intersect.
- Joints: Points where web members connect to the chords.
- Nail Plate: A galvanized steel plate used to connect timber members, providing a strong and secure connection.
- Overhang: The part of the roof that extends beyond the walls of the building.
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