Podcast
Questions and Answers
What distinguishes anxiety disorders from developmentally normative fear or anxiety?
What distinguishes anxiety disorders from developmentally normative fear or anxiety?
- Anxiety disorders result from transient stress.
- Anxiety disorders are solely inherited genetic conditions.
- Anxiety disorders are typically resolved within a few weeks.
- Anxiety disorders are characterized by excessive or persistent fear or anxiety. (correct)
Which of the following symptoms is primarily associated with anxiety rather than fear?
Which of the following symptoms is primarily associated with anxiety rather than fear?
- Escape behaviors
- Surges of autonomic arousal
- Muscle tension (correct)
- Thoughts of immediate danger
At what age range is separation anxiety disorder most commonly diagnosed?
At what age range is separation anxiety disorder most commonly diagnosed?
- Young adulthood
- Adolescence
- Late adulthood
- Early childhood (correct)
What is a notable characteristic of selective mutism?
What is a notable characteristic of selective mutism?
Which anxiety disorder includes recurrent unexpected panic attacks as a primary symptom?
Which anxiety disorder includes recurrent unexpected panic attacks as a primary symptom?
Which of the following describes social anxiety disorder?
Which of the following describes social anxiety disorder?
How do anxiety disorders typically differ from role-related stress or anxiety?
How do anxiety disorders typically differ from role-related stress or anxiety?
In terms of prevalence, which demographic experiences anxiety disorders more frequently?
In terms of prevalence, which demographic experiences anxiety disorders more frequently?
What is a significant factor that often coexists with panic attacks across various disorders?
What is a significant factor that often coexists with panic attacks across various disorders?
Which psychological condition typically manifests as fear of being unable to escape from certain situations?
Which psychological condition typically manifests as fear of being unable to escape from certain situations?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with generalized anxiety disorder?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with generalized anxiety disorder?
What age group has the highest estimated prevalence of separation anxiety disorder?
What age group has the highest estimated prevalence of separation anxiety disorder?
Which of the following is a common physical symptom of separation anxiety in children?
Which of the following is a common physical symptom of separation anxiety in children?
In adults, what is the typical 12-month prevalence of separation anxiety disorder in the United States?
In adults, what is the typical 12-month prevalence of separation anxiety disorder in the United States?
What is the minimum duration required for separation anxiety symptoms to be considered a disorder in children?
What is the minimum duration required for separation anxiety symptoms to be considered a disorder in children?
What common issue is associated with children who have separation anxiety disorder?
What common issue is associated with children who have separation anxiety disorder?
Which anxiety disorder has a significant association with moving from suicidal thoughts to suicide attempts?
Which anxiety disorder has a significant association with moving from suicidal thoughts to suicide attempts?
Which symptom is NOT typically found in substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder?
Which symptom is NOT typically found in substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder?
What developmental feature can indicate the onset of secure attachment relationships?
What developmental feature can indicate the onset of secure attachment relationships?
What is a common manifestation of separation anxiety disorder in adolescents compared to younger children?
What is a common manifestation of separation anxiety disorder in adolescents compared to younger children?
Which anxiety disorder is characterized by an inability to control excessive worry across multiple domains?
Which anxiety disorder is characterized by an inability to control excessive worry across multiple domains?
What is the median age at onset for specific phobia?
What is the median age at onset for specific phobia?
In older populations, which type of phobia is more commonly endorsed?
In older populations, which type of phobia is more commonly endorsed?
What common medical concerns co-occur with specific phobia in older individuals?
What common medical concerns co-occur with specific phobia in older individuals?
What is the heritability percentage of blood-injury-injection phobia?
What is the heritability percentage of blood-injury-injection phobia?
Individuals from which ethnic groups report lower prevalence of specific phobia?
Individuals from which ethnic groups report lower prevalence of specific phobia?
Which type of specific phobia is predominantly experienced by women?
Which type of specific phobia is predominantly experienced by women?
What does the fear of falling in older adults lead to?
What does the fear of falling in older adults lead to?
What distinguishes social anxiety disorder from specific phobia?
What distinguishes social anxiety disorder from specific phobia?
Which symptom is not typically expressed in social anxiety disorder?
Which symptom is not typically expressed in social anxiety disorder?
How long must the anxiety or avoidance persist for a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder?
How long must the anxiety or avoidance persist for a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder?
What should be ruled out before diagnosing specific phobia linked to a traumatic event?
What should be ruled out before diagnosing specific phobia linked to a traumatic event?
What is the effect of specific phobia on quality of life in older adults?
What is the effect of specific phobia on quality of life in older adults?
What is the term for the anxiety around scrutinization in social situations?
What is the term for the anxiety around scrutinization in social situations?
What must be considered when diagnosing specific phobia in children?
What must be considered when diagnosing specific phobia in children?
What is required for the diagnosis of panic disorder?
What is required for the diagnosis of panic disorder?
Which group has the highest prevalence estimates for panic disorder in the United States?
Which group has the highest prevalence estimates for panic disorder in the United States?
What commonly characterizes nocturnal panic attacks in individuals with panic disorder?
What commonly characterizes nocturnal panic attacks in individuals with panic disorder?
What behavior change is typically seen in individuals with panic disorder?
What behavior change is typically seen in individuals with panic disorder?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom or concern for individuals with panic disorder?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom or concern for individuals with panic disorder?
What is the general prevalence of panic disorder in the population?
What is the general prevalence of panic disorder in the population?
What tends to indicate a more severe presentation of panic disorder?
What tends to indicate a more severe presentation of panic disorder?
Which gender is reported to be more frequently affected by panic disorder?
Which gender is reported to be more frequently affected by panic disorder?
Which situation is most likely to contribute to the development of separation anxiety disorder in adults?
Which situation is most likely to contribute to the development of separation anxiety disorder in adults?
What is a potential functional consequence of separation anxiety disorder?
What is a potential functional consequence of separation anxiety disorder?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with selective mutism?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with selective mutism?
How does separation anxiety disorder differ from generalized anxiety disorder?
How does separation anxiety disorder differ from generalized anxiety disorder?
What percentage of heritability was found in a study of separation anxiety disorder in 6-year-old twins?
What percentage of heritability was found in a study of separation anxiety disorder in 6-year-old twins?
Which factor is most likely NOT a common risk for developing separation anxiety disorder?
Which factor is most likely NOT a common risk for developing separation anxiety disorder?
In which age group is selective mutism most commonly noticed?
In which age group is selective mutism most commonly noticed?
Which of the following symptoms is common in selective mutism?
Which of the following symptoms is common in selective mutism?
What is a distinguishing feature of borderline personality disorder compared to separation anxiety disorder?
What is a distinguishing feature of borderline personality disorder compared to separation anxiety disorder?
Which cultural difference can affect the diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder?
Which cultural difference can affect the diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder?
What is a common misconception about individuals with separation anxiety disorder?
What is a common misconception about individuals with separation anxiety disorder?
Which statement regarding the prevalence of selective mutism is true?
Which statement regarding the prevalence of selective mutism is true?
What commonly observed behavior in children with separation anxiety disorder can occur when facing separation?
What commonly observed behavior in children with separation anxiety disorder can occur when facing separation?
What is a key characteristic of social anxiety disorder compared to shyness?
What is a key characteristic of social anxiety disorder compared to shyness?
What is the typical time frame for individuals with social anxiety disorder to seek treatment?
What is the typical time frame for individuals with social anxiety disorder to seek treatment?
Which of the following statements about panic disorder is true?
Which of the following statements about panic disorder is true?
How is social anxiety disorder different from generalized anxiety disorder?
How is social anxiety disorder different from generalized anxiety disorder?
What percentage of self-identified shy individuals in the United States meet the criteria for social anxiety disorder?
What percentage of self-identified shy individuals in the United States meet the criteria for social anxiety disorder?
What may increase the persistence of social anxiety disorder?
What may increase the persistence of social anxiety disorder?
Which disorder is characterized by fear of negative evaluation but specifically related to speaking?
Which disorder is characterized by fear of negative evaluation but specifically related to speaking?
What is a common comorbidity with social anxiety disorder in older adults?
What is a common comorbidity with social anxiety disorder in older adults?
In the context of panic disorder, what is one common symptom experienced during an attack?
In the context of panic disorder, what is one common symptom experienced during an attack?
How do individuals with social anxiety disorder typically respond in social settings?
How do individuals with social anxiety disorder typically respond in social settings?
What does a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder require regarding functionality?
What does a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder require regarding functionality?
What is the relationship between social anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder?
What is the relationship between social anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder?
Which of the following medical conditions can influence the diagnosis of social anxiety disorder?
Which of the following medical conditions can influence the diagnosis of social anxiety disorder?
What defines the onset of social anxiety disorder compared to other anxiety disorders?
What defines the onset of social anxiety disorder compared to other anxiety disorders?
What is a key characteristic of performance only social anxiety disorder?
What is a key characteristic of performance only social anxiety disorder?
What is the typical duration of social anxiety disorder to meet the diagnostic criteria?
What is the typical duration of social anxiety disorder to meet the diagnostic criteria?
How does the fear or anxiety manifest in children with social anxiety disorder?
How does the fear or anxiety manifest in children with social anxiety disorder?
Which of the following factors is NOT commonly associated with individuals suffering from social anxiety disorder?
Which of the following factors is NOT commonly associated with individuals suffering from social anxiety disorder?
What is the estimated 12-month prevalence of social anxiety disorder in the United States?
What is the estimated 12-month prevalence of social anxiety disorder in the United States?
Which age group displays the highest prevalence rates of social anxiety disorder?
Which age group displays the highest prevalence rates of social anxiety disorder?
What is a common behavioral trait observed in individuals with social anxiety disorder?
What is a common behavioral trait observed in individuals with social anxiety disorder?
In comparison to men, women with social anxiety disorder are more likely to report which of the following?
In comparison to men, women with social anxiety disorder are more likely to report which of the following?
How does genetic and environmental influence impact social anxiety disorder?
How does genetic and environmental influence impact social anxiety disorder?
Which behavioral pattern is more common among men with social anxiety disorder?
Which behavioral pattern is more common among men with social anxiety disorder?
What does paruresis refer to in the context of social anxiety disorder?
What does paruresis refer to in the context of social anxiety disorder?
What effect does social anxiety disorder typically have on an individual's occupational functioning?
What effect does social anxiety disorder typically have on an individual's occupational functioning?
How do the prevalence rates of social anxiety disorder in older adults differ across regions?
How do the prevalence rates of social anxiety disorder in older adults differ across regions?
Which factor is least likely to contribute to the risk of developing selective mutism?
Which factor is least likely to contribute to the risk of developing selective mutism?
What is a primary distinguishable feature of selective mutism compared to a typical silent period in young children?
What is a primary distinguishable feature of selective mutism compared to a typical silent period in young children?
Which statement about specific phobias is true?
Which statement about specific phobias is true?
What is NOT considered an associated feature of specific phobia?
What is NOT considered an associated feature of specific phobia?
Which of the following is NOT a common comorbid condition with selective mutism?
Which of the following is NOT a common comorbid condition with selective mutism?
Which of the following statements about prevalence rates of specific phobia is correct?
Which of the following statements about prevalence rates of specific phobia is correct?
Which symptom is least associated with selective mutism?
Which symptom is least associated with selective mutism?
What is the minimum duration required for the fear or avoidance associated with specific phobia?
What is the minimum duration required for the fear or avoidance associated with specific phobia?
What is a notable characteristic of the behavioral response to specific phobia?
What is a notable characteristic of the behavioral response to specific phobia?
Selective mutism tends to fade in many cases, but what often remains?
Selective mutism tends to fade in many cases, but what often remains?
What is a common misconception about lawful behaviors of children with selective mutism?
What is a common misconception about lawful behaviors of children with selective mutism?
Which of the following Phobias is characterized by an intense fear of specific objects or situations?
Which of the following Phobias is characterized by an intense fear of specific objects or situations?
Which of the following reflects the underlying neurological activity associated with specific phobias?
Which of the following reflects the underlying neurological activity associated with specific phobias?
Study Notes
Anxiety Disorders
- Anxiety Disorders are characterized by excessive fear and anxiety and related behavioral disturbances.
- Fear is the emotional response to real or perceived imminent threat, while anxiety is anticipation of future threat.
- Anxiety disorders are distinct from developmentally normative fear or anxiety by being excessive or persisting beyond developmentally appropriate periods.
- Most anxiety disorders develop in childhood and persist if not treated.
- Most anxiety disorders are more common in girls than boys.
Separation Anxiety Disorder
- Separation anxiety disorder is characterized by fear or anxiety about separation from attachment figures.
- The prevalence of separation anxiety disorder in children is estimated to be approximately 4%.
- The onset of separation anxiety disorder may be as early as preschool age.
- Manifestations of separation anxiety disorder vary with age.
- It is important to differentiate separation anxiety disorder from the high value some cultural communities place on strong interdependence among family members.
Selective Mutism
- Selective Mutism is a condition where children fail to speak in specific social situations despite speaking in other situations.
- Studies suggest an equal gender distribution for selective mutism.
- The onset of selective mutism is usually before age 5 years.
- Selective mutism is a condition that requires a distinct diagnosis from the typical "silent period" associated with language acquisition in young children.
Specific Phobia
- Specific phobia is characterized by marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation.
- Prevalence estimates for specific phobia in the United States range from 8% to 12%.
- Prevalence estimates in children average approximately 5% across various countries.
Specific Phobia
- Prevalence: 3-5% in older individuals, women are affected twice as much as men
- Onset: Early childhood, usually before age 10
- Factors: May be triggered by traumatic events, observing others experiencing trauma, unexpected panic attacks, or informational transmission
- Heritability: 32% for animal phobia, 33% for blood-injury-injection phobia, 25% for situational phobia
- Prevalence: Lower in Asian and Latinx individuals compared to non-Latinx Whites and African Americans
- Prevalence: Varies across countries; animal, natural environment, and situational phobias are more common in women, blood-injection-injury phobia is equal between men and women
- Suicide: Associated with suicidal thoughts and attempts, contributing to 30% of first suicide attempts in 14-24 year olds (Germany study)
- Functional Impairment: Similar impairment as other anxiety disorders and substance use disorders, impacting occupational, social, and interpersonal functioning. In older adults, impairment can affect caregiving and volunteer activities
Social Anxiety Disorder
- Marked fear or anxiety in social situations where individuals may be scrutinized
- Fear of negative evaluation leading to rejection or offense
- Persistent fear or avoidance lasting 6 months or more
- Can be manifested through various behavioral expressions: crying, tantrums, freezing, clinging, shrinking, or failing to speak in social situations
- Impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning
- 12-month prevalence: 7% in the United States, lower in other parts of the world
- Prevalence: Higher in younger adolescents (13-17 years) and decreases after age 65
- Gender: More prevalent in women, particularly in adolescents and young adults
- Age at onset: Median age is 13 years, with 75% of individuals starting between 8 and 15 years
- Genetic and environmental factors play a significant role
- Functional consequences: Increased school dropout, decreased well-being, employment, productivity, socioeconomic status, and quality of life
- Impact on relationships: Being single, unmarried, or divorced, having fewer children, particularly in men
- Friendship quality: Individuals with social anxiety disorder report less close and less supportive friendships
Panic Disorder
- Characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks, peaking within minutes
- Symptoms: Palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, choking, chest pain, nausea, dizziness, lightheadedness, chills, heat sensations, numbness, derealization, depersonalization, fear of losing control, fear of dying
- At least one attack followed by 1 month or more of worry about additional attacks, or maladaptive behavioral changes
- Prevalence: 1% in United States and Europe
- Attack frequency and severity: Varies widely, from moderately frequent to infrequent attacks
- Nocturnal panic attacks: Common, occur in 25-33% of individuals with panic disorder
- Worry about panic attacks often involves physical concerns, social concerns, and mental functioning concerns
- Maladaptive behavioral changes: Avoiding physical exertion, reorganizing daily life, restricting daily activities, avoiding agoraphobia-type situations
- Constant or intermittent feelings of anxiety related to health and mental health concerns
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz delves into the characteristics and types of anxiety disorders, including specifics on separation anxiety disorder. Learn about the emotional responses associated with fear and anxiety, and the prevalence of these disorders in children. Test your understanding of the developmental aspects and distinctions of these mental health conditions.
