Anxiety Disorders and Anorexia Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following activities may increase the risk of developing bulimia?

  • Playing video games
  • Modeling (correct)
  • Reading novels
  • Gardening

People with bulimia are typically underweight.

False (B)

Name one physical consequence of frequent vomiting associated with bulimia.

Damage to tooth enamel

Binge eating disorder can lead to weight gain and potentially result in the person becoming ______.

<p>obese</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

<p>Bingeing = Eating a large amount of food at one time Purging = Using laxatives or vomiting to get rid of food Obesity = Being severely overweight, linked to health risks Talk therapy = Treatment for bulimia that involves discussion with a psychologist or counselor</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a common symptom of binge eating disorder?

<p>Eating large amounts of food when not hungry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bulimia and binge eating disorder cannot be treated and there is no help available.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of untreated depression?

<p>Deterioration of relationships (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides talk therapy, what other behavioral change is used in treating bulimia?

<p>Changing eating habits</p> Signup and view all the answers

Depression can be effectively treated through professional help and medication.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one common physical symptom of depression?

<p>Aches and pains without a specific cause</p> Signup and view all the answers

To maintain mental health, it is important to avoid _______.

<p>alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following treatments with their descriptions:

<p>Talk therapy = Counseling to express feelings and develop coping skills Medication = Pharmaceuticals that can help stabilize mood Physical activity = Exercise to improve overall health and mood Healthy eating = Nutrition that supports emotional well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can be symptoms of anxiety disorders?

<p>Thinking the same thing repeatedly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anxiety disorders can develop from specific traumas.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides family history, what is another factor that can contribute to the development of anxiety disorders?

<p>Life events</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anxiety disorders can interfere with a person’s ______ of life.

<p>quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following anxiety disorder symptoms with their descriptions:

<p>Painful memories = Recurring and disturbing recollections of past events Repeating a behavior = Compulsive actions performed repetitively Faster heart rate = Physical symptom of anxiety Feeling tense = A constant state of worry and apprehension</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a suggested way to reduce stress on your own?

<p>Isolate yourself from friends and family (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anxiety disorders are not treatable.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of professional can help someone overcome an anxiety disorder?

<p>psychologist or counselor</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main actions associated with bulimia?

<p>Bingeing and purging (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bulimia is primarily caused by being overweight or wanting to lose weight.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides throwing up, name one other method of purging that individuals with bulimia might use?

<p>laxatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

People with bulimia often use food as a way to deal with difficult ________.

<p>emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following eating disorder behaviors with their definitions:

<p>Bingeing = Eating a very large amount of food at one time Purging = Trying to get rid of food by throwing up or using laxatives Crash diet = Reducing food intake drastically Over exercising = Exercising to excess</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feeling associated with bulimia regarding food?

<p>Feeling out of control about food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eating disorders typically start when a person is in their 20s or 30s.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do many people with bulimia have due to an unhappiness with their appearance?

<p>poor body image</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can counseling help a person achieve regarding body image?

<p>Change body image and deal with underlying issues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Feelings of sadness that persist and affect daily life may indicate depression.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What neurotransmitter is linked to the regulation of mood and may be low in people with depression?

<p>serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

People with major depression might lose interest in things they used to ______.

<p>enjoy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following symptoms with their corresponding type of depression:

<p>Sadness most of the time = Minor depression Loss of pleasure in activities = Major depression Low energy = Minor depression Complete lack of interest = Major depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can trigger depression?

<p>Death of a loved one (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

People with minor depression do not experience any significant challenges in decision-making.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one environmental factor that could contribute to depression.

<p>stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common focus of therapy for anxiety disorders?

<p>Changing thoughts and behaviors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anorexia is primarily caused by dieting and wanting to lose weight.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is anorexia nervosa?

<p>An extreme fear of body fat and gaining weight leading to starvation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anorexia often begins in ______ and is more common in ______.

<p>teenagers, girls</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following symptoms of anorexia with their descriptions:

<p>Extreme weight loss = Significantly underweight Irregular menstrual cycle = Changes in female hormonal activity Fear of gaining weight = Persistent anxiety about food intake Low self-esteem = Poor self-image and self-worth</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be effective in treating anxiety disorders in addition to therapy?

<p>Medicines combined with therapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The desire to be thin has no influence on the development of eating disorders.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one factor that can contribute to the risk of developing anorexia.

<p>Cultural pressures, low self-esteem, or a desire for perfection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Anxiety Disorders

Conditions where anxiety interferes with daily life and relationships.

Causes of Anxiety Disorders

Family history and life events may contribute to anxiety disorders.

Symptoms of Anxiety

Includes panic, repetitive thoughts, and physical signs like heart racing.

Consequences of Anxiety Disorders

Can diminish quality of life, affecting daily activities.

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Physical Symptoms of Anxiety

Signs include sweating, shaking, and dizziness.

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Self-Help for Anxiety

Involves relaxation, social support, and healthy habits.

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Professional Help for Anxiety

Therapy from experts may be necessary for severe cases.

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OCD - Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Characterized by recurring thoughts and repetitive behaviors.

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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Therapy that focuses on changing thinking patterns to alleviate anxiety.

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Phobia Exposure

Facing phobias in a safe environment to reduce fear.

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Relaxation Techniques

Methods to manage stress and reduce anxiety symptoms.

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Anorexia Nervosa

Eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight.

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Mental Health Disorder

Conditions that affect emotional and psychological well-being.

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Control in Eating Disorders

The act of limiting food intake to gain a sense of control.

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Cultural Pressures

Social influences that promote thinness and beauty standards.

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Symptoms of Depression

Includes feelings of worthlessness, hopelessness, and physical aches.

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Consequences of Untreated Depression

Leads to worsening symptoms and inability to perform daily activities.

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Steps for Mild Depression

Engage in physical activity, express feelings, and maintain a healthy lifestyle.

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Professional Help for Major Depression

Includes therapy and possibly medication to aid recovery.

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Talk Therapy Purpose

Aims to help individuals cope and enjoy life again through conversation.

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Bulimia Trigger Factors

Stressful life changes can trigger bulimia.

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Bulimia Symptoms

Includes binge eating, purging, and feelings of guilt.

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Binge Eating

Consuming a large amount of food quickly.

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Purging Behaviors

Using vomiting or laxatives to remove food.

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Health Consequences of Bulimia

Can lead to tooth damage, dehydration, and kidney issues.

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Binge Eating Disorder

Binge eating without purging, often feeling guilty.

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Treatment for Bulimia

Includes talk therapy and monitoring eating habits.

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Triggers for Binge Eating

Situations or feelings that lead to binge eating.

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What is Depression?

A prolonged feeling of sadness, hopelessness, or loss of interest in life.

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Triggers of Depression

Life changes like loss, illness, or stress can trigger depression.

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Role of Serotonin in Depression

Low serotonin levels can affect mood and contribute to depression.

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Symptoms of Minor Depression

Feelings of sadness, changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, and low energy.

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Symptoms of Major Depression

Includes symptoms of minor depression, plus loss of pleasure in activities.

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Environmental Factors of Depression

Stress and surroundings can contribute to depressive feelings.

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Role of Negative Thoughts in Depression

Frequent negative thoughts can increase the likelihood of depression.

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Who can benefit from Counseling?

Counseling helps those facing body image issues and emotional challenges like anxiety or depression.

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Counseling for Eating Disorders

A process that helps individuals identify negative thoughts and feelings related to eating disorders.

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Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging behaviors.

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Purging Methods

Techniques used to rid the body of food, such as vomiting or laxatives.

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Difficult Emotions

Emotional states such as worry, stress, sadness, or anger that may trigger binge eating.

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Body Image

A person's perception of their physical appearance, often distorted in eating disorders.

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Eating Disorders and Age

Eating disorders commonly start during the teenage years but can affect anyone.

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Factors Leading to Bulimia

Multiple causes, including emotional struggles and low self-esteem, contribute to bulimia.

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Study Notes

Anxiety Disorders

  • Anxiety is a normal response to danger, but excessive anxiety can interfere with daily life.
  • Anxiety disorders involve excessive fear or worry that disrupts relationships and daily activities.
  • Common anxiety disorders include phobias, PTSD, generalized anxiety, and OCD.
  • Phobias: Unrealistic fears of specific objects, situations, or events.
  • PTSD: Anxiety that develops after a traumatic event, with symptoms including flashbacks and fear.
  • Generalized anxiety: Persistent, excessive worry about everyday things.
  • OCD: Distressing, recurring thoughts (obsessions) that lead to repetitive behaviors (compulsions).
  • Panic attacks: Sudden, intense feelings of fear and anxiety with physical symptoms like rapid heartbeat and shortness of breath.

Anorexia

  • Anorexia is a severe eating disorder characterized by a fear of gaining weight, a distorted body image, and severe weight loss.
  • It's more prevalent in adolescent girls, but can affect people of all ages and genders.
  • People with anorexia often restrict food intake or engage in other unhealthy behaviors to maintain a low body weight.
  • Symptoms include an intense fear of gaining weight, distorted body image, and excessive exercise.
  • Consequences include heart rate and blood pressure issues, loss of periods, brittle hair and nails, yellowing of skin, difficulty digesting food, and possible death from organ failure.
  • Treatment involves medical care, therapy, and nutritional guidance to help the individual regain a healthy weight and change negative thought patterns.

Bulimia

  • Bulimia is characterized by binge eating followed by purging behaviors, such as self-induced vomiting or using laxatives.
  • People experiencing bulimia typically have a distorted body image and a fear of gaining weight.
  • Bingeing is consuming unusually large amounts of food in a short period.
  • Purging methods include vomiting, laxatives, or excessive exercise.
  • Symptoms include recurring binges of eating large amounts of food coupled with methods of purging such as self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse and excessive exercise to prevent weight gain.
  • Bulimia can result in serious health consequences including tooth decay, dehydration, and heart problems.
  • Treatment usually involves therapy, nutritional education, and sometimes medication to address the underlying psychological issues and support the individual in making healthy choices concerning nutrition and body image.

Depression

  • Depression is a persistent feeling of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest in activities.
  • It can be triggered by life changes or a combination of factors, including genetics, brain chemistry imbalances, and environment.
  • Symptoms include sadness, loss of interest, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and thoughts of suicide.
  • Consequences include social and work-related issues, as well as increased risk for physical health problems.
  • Depression is treatable with therapy, medication, or a combination thereof.

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