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Questions and Answers
Which type of mood disorder is associated with chronic anger and irritability in children?
Which type of mood disorder is associated with chronic anger and irritability in children?
- Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
- Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (correct)
- Bipolar Mood Disorder
- Unipolar Mood Disorder
What characterizes Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)?
What characterizes Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)?
- Clinically significant emotional problems during the premenstrual phase (correct)
- Episodes of mania without depressive symptoms
- Severe mood swings during menopause
- Permanent mood alterations due to hormonal imbalance
What describes Bipolar Disorder?
What describes Bipolar Disorder?
- Stable mood where depression is only experienced
- Continuous depressive episodes without mania
- Severe mood disruption only during premenstrual phases
- Alternating episodes of mania and major depression (correct)
Which is NOT a type of antidepressant listed?
Which is NOT a type of antidepressant listed?
What is the defining feature of Unipolar Mood Disorder?
What is the defining feature of Unipolar Mood Disorder?
How does Exposure and Ritual Prevention (ERP) function in treatment?
How does Exposure and Ritual Prevention (ERP) function in treatment?
What is the primary characteristic of adjustment disorder?
What is the primary characteristic of adjustment disorder?
What describes the behavior of children with reactive attachment disorder?
What describes the behavior of children with reactive attachment disorder?
What is body dysmorphic disorder commonly known as?
What is body dysmorphic disorder commonly known as?
Which of the following is NOT a feature of hoarding disorder?
Which of the following is NOT a feature of hoarding disorder?
What is a common treatment approach for body dysmorphic disorder?
What is a common treatment approach for body dysmorphic disorder?
Disinhibited social engagement disorder in children is characterized by:
Disinhibited social engagement disorder in children is characterized by:
Which of the following statements about anxiety and depression in the context of stress is false?
Which of the following statements about anxiety and depression in the context of stress is false?
What primarily characterizes somatic symptom disorder?
What primarily characterizes somatic symptom disorder?
Which of the following disorders is also known as Briquet’s syndrome?
Which of the following disorders is also known as Briquet’s syndrome?
What distinguishes conversion disorder from other types of disorders?
What distinguishes conversion disorder from other types of disorders?
What term is no longer part of the DSM-5 that refers to a fear of having a serious illness?
What term is no longer part of the DSM-5 that refers to a fear of having a serious illness?
Which of the following accurately defines factitious disorder?
Which of the following accurately defines factitious disorder?
What was the original basis of the term Munchausen syndrome?
What was the original basis of the term Munchausen syndrome?
Illness anxiety disorder primarily involves which kind of response to health concerns?
Illness anxiety disorder primarily involves which kind of response to health concerns?
What is a common challenge in differentiating conversion disorder from physical disorders?
What is a common challenge in differentiating conversion disorder from physical disorders?
What is a characteristic feature of selective mutism?
What is a characteristic feature of selective mutism?
Which type of phobia involves fear of enclosed places?
Which type of phobia involves fear of enclosed places?
What is a common emotional response in patients with blood-injection-injury phobia?
What is a common emotional response in patients with blood-injection-injury phobia?
Which of the following disorders focuses on avoiding thoughts of past traumatic experiences?
Which of the following disorders focuses on avoiding thoughts of past traumatic experiences?
What is a common feature of natural environment phobias?
What is a common feature of natural environment phobias?
What contributes to vulnerability in individuals with blood phobia?
What contributes to vulnerability in individuals with blood phobia?
Which statement describes a key element of phobia treatment?
Which statement describes a key element of phobia treatment?
What is commonly seen in children with selective mutism?
What is commonly seen in children with selective mutism?
What is the primary characteristic of persistent depressive disorder found in individuals?
What is the primary characteristic of persistent depressive disorder found in individuals?
What distinguishes Bipolar I disorder from Bipolar II disorder?
What distinguishes Bipolar I disorder from Bipolar II disorder?
Which eating disorder is characterized by episodes of out-of-control eating followed by attempts to purge?
Which eating disorder is characterized by episodes of out-of-control eating followed by attempts to purge?
What is a common feature of individuals diagnosed with binge-eating disorder (BED)?
What is a common feature of individuals diagnosed with binge-eating disorder (BED)?
During the depressive phase of bipolar disorder, which of the following is a likely symptom?
During the depressive phase of bipolar disorder, which of the following is a likely symptom?
What is a defining characteristic of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)?
What is a defining characteristic of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)?
Which type of bipolar disorder is described as chronic with mild depression and mild mania?
Which type of bipolar disorder is described as chronic with mild depression and mild mania?
What technique is often used by individuals with bulimia nervosa to manage their eating episodes?
What technique is often used by individuals with bulimia nervosa to manage their eating episodes?
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Study Notes
Phobias
- Treatment of phobias focuses on consistent and structured exposure-based exercises
- Blood-Injection-Injury phobia: patients often inherit a strong vasovagal response
- Situational Phobias: Fear of public transportation or enclosed places.
- Natural Environment Phobias: Examples include fear of heights, storms and water.
- Selective Mutism (SM): A rare childhood disorder characterized by lacking speech in certain settings.
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A disorder that focuses on avoiding thoughts and images of a traumatic experience.
Anxiety Disorders
- Exposure and Ritual Prevention (ERP): A process to prevent rituals and systematically and gradually expose people to feared thoughts or situations
- Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Obsessive preoccupation with imagined physical flaws or defects.
- Hoarding Disorder: Characterized by excessive accumulation of possessions even when the objects have little or no value.
Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders
- Adjustment Disorders: Anxiety and depression develop in response to stressful, but not traumatic, life events.
- Attachment Disorders: A pattern of disturbing, developmentally inappropriate behaviors in children under 5 years of age.
- Reactive Attachment Disorder: Children are inhibited and emotionally withdrawn, unable to form attachment with caregivers.
- Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder: Children inappropriately approach strangers and act as if they have formed a strong loving relationship with them.
Somatic Disorders
- Somatic Symptom Disorder: Characterized by a focus on one or more physical symptoms that causes distress, anxiety and disproportionately affects daily life.
- Illness Anxiety Disorder: (Previously known as Hypochondriasis) A condition characterized by excessive worry about having a serious illness.
- Conversion Disorder: Characterized by physical malfunction without a physical cause such as paralysis.
- Factitious Disorder: Also known as Münchhausen Syndrome: A condition in which individuals fake illness to gain attention or medical care.
- Suicide: Associated with mood disorders, it can also occur in their absence or in the presence of other disorders.
Mood Disorders
- Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): Clinically significant emotional problems during a woman's premenstrual phase of the reproductive cycle.
- Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder: A condition in which children have chronic negative moods, such as anger and irritability, without accompanying mania.
- Bipolar Disorders (Manic-Depressive Illness): Characterized by alternating periods of manic episodes and major depressive episodes.
- Bipolar I: Characterized by major depression and full mania.
- Bipolar II: Characterized by major depression and mild mania.
- Cyclothymia: Characterized by mild depression and mild mania, and it is chronic and long-term.
- Unipolar Mood Disorder: Experiencing either depression or mania.
- Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia): Long-term unchanging symptoms of mild depression, sometimes lasting 20 to 30 years.
- Double Depression: Experiencing alternating periods of major depression and dysthymia.
Treatments for Mood Disorders
- Common Antidepressant Types:
- Tricyclics (Tofranil, Elavil)
- Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors or SSRIs (Provac, Zoloft)
- Lithium
- Therapies for Mood Disorders:
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
- Interpersonal Psychotherapy
Eating Disorders
- Bulimia Nervosa: Characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting.
- Anorexia Nervosa: Characterized by minimal food intake, excessive exercise for weight loss, and dangerously low body weight.
- Binge-Eating Disorder (BED): Characterized by frequent binge eating without attempts to purge the food.
- Avoidant/RestrictiveFood Intake Disorder (ARFID): Characterized by limiting food intake due to lack of interest in eating, sensory sensitivities, or fear of consequences of eating.
- Purging Techniques: Self-induced vomiting as a way to compensate for binge eating and potential weight gain.
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