António Egas Moniz and His Medical Innovations

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What was the primary purpose of António Egas Moniz's invention of angiography?

To develop new medications
To visualize brain tumors (correct)
To study cerebral blood flow (correct)
To perform surgical procedures

Which statement accurately describes the effectiveness of lobotomies developed by Moniz?

They were ineffective and had no success rate.
They were effective in eliminating all symptoms of mental illness.
They were effective in about one third of patients. (correct)
They were successful in a majority of patients but harmful in some.

What device did Moniz use during the psychosurgery procedures?

Leucotome (correct)
Cerebral Injector
Neuromonitor
Neurofibrillator

Why was Moniz awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1949?

For his contributions to prefrontal lobotomy (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was a notable outcome of Moniz's psychosurgery techniques?

They often led to personality changes and disturbances. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What major development did António Egas Moniz achieve in 1927?

He invented the angiogram (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical technique is António Egas Moniz known for pioneering?

Frontal lobotomy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients reportedly benefited from Moniz's psychosurgical procedure?

About 33% (D) Signup and view all the answers

What key material did Moniz find to provide the clearest images for angiography?

25% sodium iodine (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which significant event in Moniz's life occurred in 1939?

He experienced a near-fatal shooting incident (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is angiography?

A medical imaging technique that uses X-rays and a contrast dye to visualize blood vessels in the brain.

What is a lobotomy?

A type of surgical procedure involving severing connections in the frontal lobes of the brain, initially used to treat mental illnesses.

Who invented angiography?

António Egas Moniz, a Portuguese neurologist, invented this technique in 1927 to visualize blood vessels in the brain.

How did Moniz think psychosurgery could treat mental illness?

Moniz believed that psychosurgery could treat certain mental states like depression and obsessions. He developed a surgical technique to sever connections in the frontal lobes using a special tool called a leucotome.