Questions and Answers
What was Antonianism?
Antonianism considered Saint Anthony of Padua to be the source of Kongo's salvation and was the most prominent of various Catholic movements to restore Kongo's former greatness.
Who started this movement and how?
It arose under Dona Beatriz Kimpa Vita, who claimed to be possessed by the spirit of Saint Anthony and called for the revitalization of the kingdom through Catholicism.
What happened after she was driven away by political factions?
She called her followers to reoccupy the capital of Mbanza Kongo with her, repopulating the city.
Who were the followers hostile towards and why?
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What happened as she became more of a political actor?
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When did the movement end?
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Study Notes
Antonianism Overview
- Antonianism regarded Saint Anthony of Padua as the source of salvation for the Kongo.
- It aimed to restore Kongo's former greatness through a Catholic movement.
Initiation of the Movement
- Initiated by Dona Beatriz Kimpa Vita, a Kongolese woman of noble heritage.
- In 1704, she fell ill, claiming possession by the spirit of Saint Anthony, who conveyed solutions to Kongo's issues via her.
- Advocated for revitalizing Kongo through a Catholicism aligned with its historical and geographical context.
Reoccupying Mbanza Kongo
- After facing political exile, Dona Beatriz called her followers to retake the capital, Mbanza Kongo.
- Thousands rallied to her, leading to the city's repopulation.
Attitude Towards Missionaries
- The movement recognized papal authority but was adversarial towards European missionaries.
- Viewed missionaries as corrupt and unresponsive to the spiritual needs of the Kongolese Catholic populace.
Political Involvement and Fate of Dona Beatriz
- Became a political player, endorsing Pedro Constantinho da Silva for kingship amid royal rivalries.
- Captured by supporters of rival Pedro IV, she was tried for witchcraft and heresy.
- Executed by burning in July 1706, influenced by Capuchin monks.
Conclusion of the Movement
- Antonianism maintained control of Mbanza Kongo until 1709.
- The movement concluded when Pedro IV's forces stormed the city.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Antonianism, a religious movement that emerged in the Kongo region, focusing on the teachings of Saint Anthony of Padua. This quiz covers key figures and events associated with Dona Beatriz Kimpa Vita and her role in this significant Catholic movement.
