36 Questions
What is the mechanism of action of sulfonamides?
Blocking folic acid synthesis
Why can PABA in multivitamins cause therapy failure when taking sulfonamide antibiotics?
It competes with sulfonamides for their target
Which of the following bacterial species is not susceptible to sulfonamides?
Staphylococcus aureus
Why are sulfonamides considered antimetabolites?
They mimic metabolic substrates
In which bacterial species would sulfonamides likely be effective due to their mechanism of action?
Escherichia coli
When tetracycline is combined with gentamicin, what is the expected result?
Additivity
What type of activity is exhibited when ampicillin is combined with vancomycin against E. coli?
Antagonistic
Based on the text, what is a resistant mechanism to cell wall or membrane agents?
Modification enzymes
In the context of phage therapy, what is the main characteristic of bacteriophages?
They infect bacteria
What was the outcome for the pediatric patient with cystic fibrosis who received a 3-phage cocktail for a Mycobacterium abscessus infection?
Recovery to normal activities but infection not fully resolved
How did the personalized phage treatment for a patient with P. aeruginosa prosthetic joint infection differ from standard treatment?
It combined phage treatment with synergistic antibiotics
What is the percentage of E.coli isolates in the UK resistant to fluoroquinolones in the years 2001-2006?
20%
Which antibiotic is cited as the first choice against Legionella pneumophila?
Moxifloxacin
Which fluoroquinolone has been recommended by 5 ID specialists as of December 2023?
Gemifloxacin
What condition can Clostridioides difficile infection potentially lead to?
Severe colon damage and death
Which condition accounted for the most estimated unnecessary fluoroquinolone prescriptions in medical offices and EDs in 2014?
Colds and bronchitis
Which pathogen has developed resistance to many fluoroquinolones?
MRSA
What can fluoroquinolone use lead to besides resistance?
Tendon damage
Which setting saw nearly 32 million fluoroquinolone prescriptions dispensed from U.S. outpatient pharmacies?
Medical offices and EDs
Which statement about fluoroquinolones is true?
They are not the first-line treatment for UTIs but were the most prescribed for this condition.
What is a common side effect associated with fluoroquinolones?
Skin rash
What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?
Blocks reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate
Which antibiotic is recommended by IDSA guidance for the management of initial C.difficile episodes?
Fidaxomicin
What is the main adverse reaction associated with Sulfonamides?
Exfoliative dermatitis
What is the mode of action of Fidaxomicin?
Interferes with RNA polymerase
Why should fluoroquinolones be reserved for important uses according to IDSA guidelines?
Rapid resistance development
Which antibiotic is indicated for anaerobic or mixed intra-abdominal infections?
Metronidazole
What is the primary target of Rifampin's mechanism of action?
Bacterial RNA polymerase
What is the primary target for Quinolones (Q) and Fluoroquinolones (FQs)?
Type II topoisomerases
What is the mechanism of killing associated with Aminoglycosides and Fluoroquinolones?
Inhibition of DNA synthesis
Which enzyme is responsible for adding negative supercoils to DNA?
DNA gyrase
What was the first plasmid-mediated Fluoroquinolone resistance reported in?
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Which of the following is a mechanism that provides low-level protection against Fluoroquinolones?
Decreased membrane permeability
What do multiple copies of qnr genes confer resistance to in the absence of chromosomal mutations?
Topoisomerase inhibitors
What factor affects the resistance rates of uncomplicated ESBL positive E.coli isolates to Fluoroquinolones?
ESBL production
Which region of the topoisomerases is associated with resistance to Quinolones and Fluoroquinolones?
'Resistance-determining' region
Explore the topic of antimetabolites and nucleic acid inhibitors in antimicrobial treatment through this quiz. Test your knowledge on how antimetabolites disrupt metabolic pathways and inhibit nucleic acid synthesis in bacteria.
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