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Questions and Answers
Which antibiotic acts by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase?
Which antibiotic interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls?
What is the mechanism of action of Daptomycin in Gram-positive bacteria?
Which antibiotic inhibits RNA polymerase in bacteria?
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What is the target of Macrolides in bacterial cells?
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Which antibiotic acts by inhibiting protein synthesis at the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes?
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What is the target of Tetracyclines in bacteria?
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Which antibiotic targets folic acid synthesis and reduction, as well as DNA methylation in bacterial cells?
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In bacterial cells, which antibiotic primarily disrupts peptidoglycan synthesis?
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Which class of antibiotics directly inhibit the formation of peptidoglycan cross-links in bacterial cell walls?
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What is the primary target of Fluoroquinolones in bacterial cells?
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Which antibiotic acts by inhibiting mRNA synthesis via RNA polymerase in bacterial cells?
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In bacterial cells, which antibiotic directly targets the 30S subunit to interfere with protein synthesis?
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Which antibiotic class primarily targets bacterial DNA integrity via free radicals?
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Which antibiotic class primarily targets bacterial protein synthesis by inhibiting the 50S subunit of ribosomes?
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In bacterial cells, which antibiotic directly targets DNA gyrase to disrupt DNA integrity?
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What is the primary target of Carbapenems in bacterial cells?
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Which antibiotic class primarily interferes with mRNA synthesis by targeting RNA polymerase in bacterial cells?
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In bacterial cells, which antibiotic disrupts the synthesis of PABA, DHF, and THF, impacting folic acid synthesis?
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What is the mechanism of action of Polymyxins in Gram-negative bacteria?
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Which antibiotic targets peptidoglycan cross-linking in bacterial cell walls by inhibiting transpeptidases?
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Study Notes
Antibiotics and Their Mechanisms of Action
Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors
- Cephalexin inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls.
- β-Lactam antibiotics, such as Penicillins and Carbapenems, inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis by inactivating the transpeptidase enzyme.
- Glycopeptide antibiotics, like Vancomycin, inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis by binding to the D-Ala-D-Ala terminus of peptidoglycan.
DNA-Targeting Antibiotics
- Fluoroquinolones, like Ciprofloxacin, target DNA gyrase to disrupt DNA integrity in bacterial cells.
- Daptomycin, a lipopeptide antibiotic, targets bacterial membrane potential and ultimately leads to DNA degradation in Gram-positive bacteria.
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
- Tetracyclines target the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis.
- Macrolides, such as Erythromycin, target the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis.
- Aminoglycosides, like Gentamicin, target the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis.
RNA-Directed Antibiotics
- Rifampin inhibits RNA polymerase in bacteria, thereby blocking mRNA synthesis.
- Rifabutin and Rifapentine also target RNA polymerase to inhibit mRNA synthesis.
Folic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors
- Sulfonamides, such as Sulfamethoxazole, target folic acid synthesis and reduction, as well as DNA methylation in bacterial cells.
Cell Membrane Disruptors
- Polymyxins, like Polymyxin B, disrupt the bacterial cell membrane by interacting with the phospholipid bilayer in Gram-negative bacteria.
Peptidoglycan Cross-Link Inhibitors
- Glycopeptide antibiotics, like Vancomycin, directly inhibit the formation of peptidoglycan cross-links in bacterial cell walls.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various mechanisms of antimicrobial therapy including FOLIC ACID SYNTHESIS, REDUCTION, DNA methylation, CELL WALL SYNTHESIS, PEPTIDOGLYCAN CROSS-LINKING, MEMBRANE INTEGRITY, and DNA INTEGRITY. Explore topics like Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim, Glycopeptides, Penicillins, Daptomycin, Polymyxins, Vancomycin, Bacitracin, and Metronidazole.
