Antihistamines and Their Effects Quiz

Antihistamines that can cause drowsiness, dry mouth, and other anticholinergic side effects. They can also cause central nervous system depression when taken with alcohol, narcotics, hypnotics, or barbiturates.

Antihistamines that have fewer anticholinergic effects and cause less drowsiness than first-generation antihistamines.

Tachycardia (fast heart rate) can occur with antihistamines, especially during a non-inflammatory process. This is because the body compensates for blood vessel dilation.

A side effect that can happen if longer courses of an antihistamine are used, exceeding the prescribed duration.

Pseudoephedrine may reduce the effectiveness of beta-blockers, and cause hypertension or cardiac issues when taken with MAOI's (monoamine oxidase inhibitors).

Coffee and tea can increase restlessness and palpitations.

Effective for allergic rhinitis; they reduce inflammation, lessening symptoms like runny nose, sneezing, and congestion.

Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Dexamethasone, Flunisolide, Fluticasone, Mometasone, Triamcinolone

Intranasal glucocorticoids quickly become inactive after being absorbed.

A common side effect of some medications.

Another potential side effect of certain medications.

Dizziness due to a drop in blood pressure when standing up.

Substances that act as detergents to liquefy and loosen thick mucus secretions, enabling easier expectoration.

Possible adverse reactions to mucolytic medications, including dry mouth, constipation, vomiting, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, depression, insomnia, headache, and joint pain.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – a major lower respiratory tract disorder characterized by airway obstruction and increased airway resistance.

A medication used to dilate bronchioles, treating asthmatic conditions. It has fewer systemic effects compared to other medications.

Conditions affecting the lower parts of the respiratory system, including COPD and restrictive pulmonary disease.

Widening of the bronchial passages, allowing easier air flow

A lower respiratory disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the bronchi, often leading to irreversible lung damage.

A persistent widening of the bronchi, frequently resulting from recurring infections and inflammation, leading to irreversible lung damage.

A type of COPD characterized by the destruction of air sacs in the lungs, often due to smoking or inhaling harmful substances.

A respiratory disorder characterized by episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing.

More effective for controlling asthma symptoms than beta2 agonists, particularly in reducing bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

Inhaled glucocorticoids are preferred over oral preparations unless oral preparations fail to control the asthma symptoms.

Disorders including vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation.

The ability of a drug to reduce inflammation, relieving asthma symptoms.

Drugs used to control vomiting.

A device used to deliver medication directly into the lungs for treatment of asthma conditions.

When asthma symptoms are not relieved by bronchodilating medications.

The highest recommended dosage for these medications to be given in asthma cases when it is unresponsive to bronchodilators.

An infection caused by fungi.

The forceful expulsion of gastric contents, with various causes.

Blocks growth hormone receptors, normalizing IGF-1 levels.

A GH receptor antagonist administered by injection, for abnormal growth.

High levels of liver enzymes in blood tests.

Drugs that mimic somatostatin, controlling GH and other hormones.

A somatostatin analogue with a 28-day duration.

Agents affecting the posterior pituitary, influencing water balance.

A hormone that promotes water reabsorption by kidneys.

Condition where body loses too much water due to ADH deficiency.

Treatments for ADH deficiency, often given intranasally or by injection.

Usage restricted to patients with moderate/severe kidney disease or hyponatremia.

Hormone that stimulates lactation.

Drugs to treat excess prolactin.

Two dopamine agonists used for excess prolactin.

A long-term illness caused by insufficient glucose metabolism, often due to inadequate insulin secretion.

Diuretics (drugs that increase urine production) that act in the loop of Henle, causing significant fluid and electrolyte loss.

Initial measurements of various factors (weight, blood pressure, electrolytes) used as a reference point for monitoring patient progress and treatment effectiveness.

Increasing the pH of urine, which can help the body eliminate certain substances more efficiently.

Drugs that block an enzyme involved in fluid balance, often used to reduce eye pressure.

Illness caused by rapidly ascending to high altitudes, often leading to cerebral and pulmonary edema.

A condition characterized by abnormally high blood pH, sometimes due to diuretic misuse.

Medication use to reduce the severity and frequency of seizures in patients with epilepsy, often combined with other antiepileptic drugs.

A condition characterized by an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain.

Drugs that inhibit an enzyme involved in blood pressure regulation, often used in treating high blood pressure.