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Questions and Answers
A patient presents with neurocysticercosis. Which medication would be most appropriate to prescribe?
A patient presents with neurocysticercosis. Which medication would be most appropriate to prescribe?
- Permethrin
- Ivermectin
- Praziquantel (correct)
- Mebendazole
What is the mechanism of action of Ivermectin?
What is the mechanism of action of Ivermectin?
- Interference with microtubule polymerization, disrupting cell division and function
- Blocking of GABA channels, leading to neuronal excitation and parasite death
- Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, leading to acetylcholine accumulation
- Binding to chloride ion channels, increasing cell membrane permeability, resulting in paralysis (correct)
A patient is diagnosed with a Pediculus humanus capitis infestation. Which of the following medications is FDA approved for this condition?
A patient is diagnosed with a Pediculus humanus capitis infestation. Which of the following medications is FDA approved for this condition?
- Praziquantel
- Malathion (correct)
- Diethylcarbamazine
- Lindane
Which medication is contraindicated during the first trimester of pregnancy?
Which medication is contraindicated during the first trimester of pregnancy?
A patient presents with schistosomiasis. Which of the following medications would be the most appropriate initial treatment?
A patient presents with schistosomiasis. Which of the following medications would be the most appropriate initial treatment?
Which of the following mechanisms of action best describes how Lindane eradicates parasites?
Which of the following mechanisms of action best describes how Lindane eradicates parasites?
A patient has been diagnosed with a Sarcoptes scabiei infestation. Which of the following medications is considered a second-line treatment option?
A patient has been diagnosed with a Sarcoptes scabiei infestation. Which of the following medications is considered a second-line treatment option?
A patient presents with complaints that are indicative of a helminth infection, specifically displaying symptoms associated with Enterobius vermicularis. Which treatment is most appropriate?
A patient presents with complaints that are indicative of a helminth infection, specifically displaying symptoms associated with Enterobius vermicularis. Which treatment is most appropriate?
Which of the following medications is primarily used to treat filariasis?
Which of the following medications is primarily used to treat filariasis?
Topical application of which drug inhibits sodium channel deactivation in parasites?
Topical application of which drug inhibits sodium channel deactivation in parasites?
Flashcards
Praziquantel
Praziquantel
Treats trematodes (flukes) and cestodes (tapeworms). Also treats Schistosomiasis and liver flukes.
Albendazole and Mebendazole
Albendazole and Mebendazole
Treats nematodes; it has a wide spectrum of activity against nematodes. Treats whipworm, pinworm, and hookworm.
Pyrantel Pamoate
Pyrantel Pamoate
Treats nematodes, specifically pinworm infections.
Permethrin mechanism
Permethrin mechanism
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Ivermectin mechanism
Ivermectin mechanism
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Malathion mechanism
Malathion mechanism
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Lindane mechanism
Lindane mechanism
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Permethrin Use
Permethrin Use
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Ivermectin Use
Ivermectin Use
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Malathion Use
Malathion Use
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Study Notes
- Cestodes and trematodes are treated with praziquantel
- Nematodes are treated with albendazole or mebendazole
- Filariasis is treated with ivermectin
- Roundworms (whip, pin, hook) are treated with diethylcarbamazine
Praziquantel
- Treats trematodes (flukes) and cestodes (tapeworms)
- Treats schistosomiasis, liver flukes, cysticercosis, and tapeworms
Albendazole and Mebendazole
- Albendazole treats nematodes
- Mebendazole treats whipworm, pinworm, hookworm, microsporidiosis, hydatid disease, and neurocysticercosis
- Mebendazole has a wide spectrum of activity with nematodes
- Contraindicated in the first trimester of pregnancy
Pyrantel Pamoate
- Treats nematodes, specifically pinworm
Treatment of Scabies
- Scabies is treated with permethrin (topical), ivermectin (oral), and lindane (topical, second line)
Treatment of Pediculosis
- Pediculosis/lice is treated with permethrin (topical), ivermectin (topical), and malathion (topical)
Permethrin
- Inhibits sodium channel deactivation and causes neuronal membrane deactivation
- Treats scabies (crusted and non-crusted) and pediculosis (capitis, corporis, pubis)
- Topical use only
- Side effects include burning, pruritus, erythema, and tingling
Ivermectin
- Increases invertebrate nerve and muscle cell membrane permeability by binding to chloride ion channels, resulting in paralysis and death of parasite
- Treats scabies (crusted and non-crusted) orally and pediculosis (capitis, corporis, and pubis) topically
Malathion
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, leading to the accumulation of acetylcholine at nerve synapses
- Treats pediculosis (capitis, corporis, and pubis)
- Topical use only
- Side effects include burning, pruritus, erythema, and tingling
Lindane
- Directly absorbed into parasites and ova, blocks GABA channels, leading to death
- Treats scabies (non-crusted)
- Topical use only
- Burning, pruritus, erythema, and tingling are side effects
- Restricted distribution in many areas of the U.S.
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