18 Questions
Which cells are the most efficient antigen presenting cells (APCs)?
Dendritic cells
Where are dendritic cells primarily located?
Under the skin and mucosa
What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune response?
Processing and presenting antigens to activate T cells
How do protein antigens bind to MHC molecules on APCs?
By endocytosis
Where do dendritic cells transport captured foreign antigens for presentation to naive helper T cells?
To local lymph nodes
Which type of antigens require antigen processing and conversion to peptides for binding to MHC molecules on APCs?
Exogenous antigens
Which of the following is true about the MHC-II pathway?
The invariant chain (Ii) temporarily occupies the peptide binding groove.
Which type of antigen-presenting cells can process extracellular antigens for MHC class I presentation via cross-presentation?
Dendritic cells
What is the source of protein antigens presented by MHC class II molecules?
Mainly exogenous proteins taken up by endocytosis
Which pathway is particularly important for activating CD8+ T cells to respond to virus-infected cells, tumor cells, and dying cells?
Cross-presentation pathway
Which type of antigens are processed and presented by all nucleated cells?
Endogenous antigens
Which pathway involves the use of autophagy to gain access to lysosomal degradation for antigen loading?
Both MHC-II and cross-presentation pathways
Which cells are considered professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?
Dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells
In the MHC-I pathway, what is the source of the endogenous antigens that are processed and presented?
Viral proteins and tumor antigens generated within the cell
What is the role of TAP proteins in the MHC-I pathway?
They transport the peptides from the cytoplasm into the endoplasmic reticulum
In the MHC-II pathway, how are exogenous antigens processed and presented?
Exogenous antigens are taken up by endocytosis, degraded in the lysosome, and the peptides are loaded onto MHC-II molecules
What is the role of CD8+ T cells in the immune response?
CD8+ T cells bind to the MHC-I/peptide complex and directly kill the infected or transformed cell
How are MHC-I molecules assembled and transported to the cell surface?
MHC-I molecules are synthesized by ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum, assembled in the ER lumen, and then transported through the Golgi to the cell surface
Explore how antigens are processed and displayed by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) on professional Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells. Learn about the presentation of endogenous antigens in the MHC-I pathway, where antigens generated within a cell are processed and displayed.
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