14 Questions
What is a potential cause of cross reaction in Ag-Ab rxn?
Identical epitopes on different antigens
Which technique is used for the detection and quantitation of antigen and antibody?
Latex agglutination
What is the purpose of radioimmunoassay (RIA)?
Quantitation of antigen or antibody
Which technique is used for the detection of antigen-specific antibodies?
Western blotting
Which technique is used for the identification and comparison of antigens using immunodiffusion?
Ouchterlony double antibody diffusion
What type of antibodies are monoclonal antibodies?
Products of hybrid cells from immunized mouse and myeloma cells
What is the major difference between antigen-antibody interaction and an enzyme-substrate reaction?
Antigen-antibody interaction does not lead to irreversible chemical alteration.
What is the purpose of immunofluorescence?
Population analysis of antigen-positive cells
What type of interaction is involved in antigen-antibody reactions?
Non-covalent interaction
What can antigen-antibody interactions be used for?
Diagnosing diseases
What is a titer in the context of immunologic assays?
The highest dilution of the specimen that gives a positive reaction in the test
How can antibodies be used in serologic diagnosis?
To detect and identify antigens from viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, etc.
What do most serologic tests aim to determine?
The presence of either antigen or antibody
What is the purpose of immunologic techniques in clinical specimens?
To detect, identify, and quantitate antigens in clinical specimens
Study Notes
Antigen-Antibody Interactions
- A potential cause of cross-reaction in Ag-Ab rxn is the similarity in epitopes between different antigens.
- The technique used for the detection and quantitation of antigen and antibody is Immunoprecipitation.
Immunodiagnostic Techniques
- Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is used for the detection and quantitation of antigens and antibodies.
- The purpose of RIA is to measure the concentration of antigens or antibodies in a sample.
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is used for the detection of antigen-specific antibodies.
Antibody Types
- Monoclonal antibodies are produced by a single clone of cells and are specific to a single epitope.
Antigen-Antibody Interactions
- The major difference between antigen-antibody interaction and an enzyme-substrate reaction is the high specificity and reversibility of antigen-antibody interactions.
- Immunofluorescence is used to visualize and locate antigens in cells or tissues.
- Antigen-antibody interactions involve a specific binding between the antigen and antibody through non-covalent bonds.
Applications of Antigen-Antibody Interactions
- Antigen-antibody interactions can be used for the detection and quantitation of antigens and antibodies in a sample.
- A titer in the context of immunologic assays is the highest dilution of a sample that still gives a positive result.
Serologic Diagnosis
- Antibodies can be used in serologic diagnosis to detect the presence of specific antigens or antibodies in a sample.
- Most serologic tests aim to determine the presence or concentration of specific antibodies in a sample.
- Immunologic techniques in clinical specimens are used to diagnose and monitor diseases, and to detect the presence of specific antigens or antibodies.
Test your understanding of the bimolecular association between antigens and antibodies, and the non-covalent interactions involved. Explore the specificity and characteristics of antigen-antibody reactions.
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