Pituitary and Thyorid Pharm Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary route of administration for Acthar Gel?

  • Intramuscular (correct)
  • Intravenous
  • Oral
  • Topical

    • What is the primary indication for thyroid replacement drugs?

  • Adrenal insufficiency
  • Hypothyroidism replacement therapy (correct)
  • Diabetes management
  • Hyperthyroidism treatment

    • Which adverse effect is commonly associated with anti-thyroid drugs known as Thiouracils?

  • Insulin resistance
  • Peripheral neuropathy
  • Cushing's syndrome
  • Lupus-like symptoms (correct)

    • What is the action of iodides when used as anti-thyroid drugs?

    <p>Reduce vascularity of the thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse reaction is associated with the use of radioactive iodide as an anti-thyroid drug?

    <p>Bone marrow suppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for synthetic thyroid hormone in the context of hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is commonly associated with calcimimetics used for hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Muscle twitching and tetany</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)?

    <p>Stimulate the kidneys to concentrate urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what condition is the use of ADH indicated?

    <p>Diabetes Insipidus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the possible adverse reactions of ADH?

    <p>Hypothyroidism and insulin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drugs are used for administering ADH?

    <p>Vasopressin and desmopressin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing implication when administering ADH?

    <p>Check for changes in nasal mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible adverse effect of Growth Hormone (GH) therapy?

    <p>Muscle pain and weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the routes of administration for Growth Hormone (GH)?

    <p>Intramuscular and subcutaneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for the use of levothyroxine (Synthroid) in thyroid replacement therapy?

    <p>Return patient to a euthyroid state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial nursing implication when administering Thiouracils for the treatment of hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Monitor for signs of hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of Iodides when used as anti-thyroid drugs?

    <p>Reduce the vascularity of the thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect associated with the administration of radioactive iodide for hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Bone marrow suppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial consideration when administering synthetic thyroid hormone for hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Conduct immediate allergy testing before administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of administration for Acthar Gel?

    <p>Intramuscular (IM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of anti-thyroid drugs known as Thiouracils?

    <p>Inhibit synthesis and release of thyroid hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is commonly associated with calcimimetics used for hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Weakness, muscle aches or cramps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible adverse effect of synthetic thyroid hormone used for hyperparathyroidism?

    <p><strong>N&amp;V</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for Iodides when used as anti-thyroid drugs?

    <p>Preparation before thyroid surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing implication when administering Vitamin D analog for hypoparathyroidism?

    <p>Monitor for signs of hypercalcemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Calcimimetics in the treatment of hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Decrease secretion of PTH by activating calcium receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse reaction is NOT commonly associated with Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) therapy?

    <p>Nephrotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of administration for vasopressin (Vasotrict), a drug used for Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) therapy?

    <p>Intravenous (IV) infusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) therapy?

    <p>Diagnose adrenocortical function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible adverse effect of somatropin, a drug used for Growth Hormone (GH) therapy?

    <p>Gigantism/acromegaly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is used to stimulate the kidneys to concentrate urine?

    <p>Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for replacing Growth Hormone (GH) in children who fail to grow?

    <p>Failure to grow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is NOT commonly associated with the use of desmopressin (DDAVP) for ADH therapy?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of Growth Hormone (GH) therapy in adults?

    <p>Increase lean body mass in adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for levothyroxine (Synthroid) in thyroid replacement therapy?

    <p>Hypothyroidism replacement therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is commonly associated with the administration of radioactive iodide for hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of Thiouracils as anti-thyroid drugs?

    <p>Inhibiting synthesis and release of the thyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what condition is the use of cinacalcet HCl (Sensipar) indicated?

    <p>Hypoparathyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of administration for levothyroxine (Synthroid)?

    <p>Oral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is NOT commonly associated with calcimimetics used for hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Nervousness, headache, insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of radioactive iodide when used as an anti-thyroid drug?

    <p>Destroying hyperactive thyroid cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible adverse effect of cinacalcet HCl (Sensipar) used for hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Dizziness, paresthesia, seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible adverse effect of calcium carbonate used as a calcium replacement for hypoparathyroidism?

    <p>Tetany</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for replacing Growth Hormone (GH) in children who fail to grow?

    <p>To increase size and number of skeletal muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is used to stimulate the adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids?

    <p>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an adverse effect commonly associated with Growth Hormone (GH) therapy?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of vasopressin (Vasotrict), a drug used for Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) therapy?

    <p>Stimulate the kidneys to concentrate urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing implication when administering desmopressin (DDAVP) for Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) therapy?

    <p>Monitor for glycosuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible adverse effect of ACTH (H.P.), a drug used for Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) therapy?

    <p>Thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of Thyroid Replacement Drugs?

    <p>Replace thyroid hormones in hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse reaction is commonly associated with Vasopressin (Vasotrict) IV infusion, a drug used for Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) therapy?

    <p>Spasms: uterus and coronary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of administration for somatropin, a drug used for Growth Hormone (GH) therapy?

    <p>Subcutaneous (SQ) or Intramuscular (IM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial nursing implication when administering ACTH (H.P.) for Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) therapy?

    <p>Monitor: injection site reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main adverse effect associated with water intoxication from Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) therapy?

    <p>Confusion and seizure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for replacing Growth Hormone (GH) in adults?

    <p>Increasing lean body mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main adverse effect associated with Gigantism/acromegaly from Growth Hormone (GH) therapy?

    <p>Insulin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) therapy in multiple sclerosis?

    <p>Diagnose adrenocortical function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is commonly associated with the use of vasopressin (Vasotrict) IV infusion for Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) therapy?

    <p>Thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of somatropin in Growth Hormone (GH) therapy?

    <p>Increase the size and number of skeletal muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial nursing implication when administering synthetic Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) for ACTH therapy?

    <p>Checking for changes in nasal mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for Thiouracils when used as anti-thyroid drugs?

    <p>Inhibiting the synthesis and release of thyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible adverse effect of Cinacalcet HCl (Sensipar) used for hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Allergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing implication when administering Radioactive Iodide for hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Avoid iodide salt and multivitamins with iodine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible adverse effect of synthetic parathyroid hormone used for hypoparathyroidism?

    <p>Hypercalcemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of Iodides when used as anti-thyroid drugs?

    <p>Reduce vascularity of the thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial nursing implication when administering Calcimimetics for hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Start on a low dose and gradually increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Levothyroxine (Synthroid) in thyroid replacement therapy?

    <p>Return patient to a euthyroid state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible adverse effect of Anti-thyroid Drugs/Thyroid Antagonists known as Iodides?

    <p><strong>Iodism</strong> - metallic taste in the mouth, fever, rash on the skin or mucous membrane, parotitis, increase salivation, and allergic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) functions: stimulates kidneys to concentrate urine
    • Indications for ADH: Diabetes Insipidus, post-operative abdominal distention, dispelling gas for X-rays, enuresis
    • Adverse reactions to ADH: hypersensitivity, tremors, vertigo, sweating, belching, N&V, diarrhea, water intoxication, uterus and coronary artery spasms, thrombosis
    • ADH drugs: vasopressin (IV infusion), desmopressin (Nasal spray, solution, PO, SQ, IV)
    • Nursing implications for ADH: monitor hydration/dehydration, record I&O, urine specific gravity, skin turgor, weight, labs: electrolytes and coagulation, B/P, HR, and EKG, have NTG available
    • Check for changes in nasal mucosa when switching from nasal to oral forms, give first tab within 12 hours of last nasal dose, rinse bottle tip in hot water, dry with tissue and recap, use pump, check for infiltration and tissue necrosis
    • Watch for water intoxication: N&V, headache, drowsiness, confusion, weight gain, seizure, coma, risk in children and aged, contraindicated in children under 11 months
    • Growth Hormone functions: increases size and number of skeletal muscle cells, lean body mass in adults, protein production in AIDS, replaces GH in children who fail to grow
    • Indications for Growth Hormone: replace GH, size and number of skeletal muscle cells, lean body mass, protein production in AIDS
    • Adverse effects of Growth Hormone: hypothyroidism, insulin resistance, hypotension, tachycardia, headache, muscle pain and weakness, nephrotoxicity, gigantism/acromegaly
    • Routes, dosages, and drugs for Growth Hormone: SQ or IM, 1-7x/wk for 6 months to 2 years, based on BSA, somatropin, Genotropin, Humatrope, Serostim, Omnitrope
    • Patient education for Growth Hormone: administration of injection, monitor injection site reaction, glycosuria, Stadio-meter measurements, antibody production against GH, medical follow up q 3-6 months
    • Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) functions: stimulates adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids
    • Indications for ACTH: diagnose adrenocortical function, multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus
    • Drug for ACTH: ACTH (H.P.Acthar Gel), parenteral: IM, Subcut, measured in units
    • Adverse reactions to ACTH: same as corticosteroids
    • Thyroid Replacement Drugs: increase metabolic rate by replacing thyroid hormone T4 and T3, indication: hypothyroidism replacement therapy, objective: return patient to euthyroid state
    • Adverse effects of Thyroid Replacement Drugs: S&S of hyperthyroidism/increase BMR, tachycardia, palpitation, HTN, nervousness, headache, insomnia, diarrhea, decrease weight, intolerance to heat, sweating
    • Thyroid Replacement Drugs: levothyroxine (Synthroid) T4, liothyroxine (Cytomel) T3
    • Nursing implications for Thyroid Replacement Drugs: start with low dose, take at same time each day, early AM before breakfast, record apical pulse, hold if above 100, see improvement in 10 to 14 days, life long therapy, keep in dark bottle, replace q 3 MOS, avoid iodide salt, MVI and iodine on skin, monitor bone growth and development in children
    • Anti-thyroid Drugs/Thyroid Antagonist: treat hyperthyroidism, 3 classes: thiouracils, iodides, radioactive iodide
    • Thiouracils: inhibit synthesis and release of the thyroid hormone, prevent conversion of T4 to T3, indication: hyperthyroidism, objective: return to euthyroid state, given for 6 MOS to several years
    • Adverse effects of Thiouracils: S&S of hypothyroidism, lupus like symptoms, hepatotoxic, agranulocytosis, N&V, hay fever, sore throat, fever, skin rash, pruritus, headache, paresthesias
    • Drugs for Thiouracils: propylthiouracil, methimazole (Tapazole)
    • Nursing implications for Thiouracils: give same time in relationship to meals, sudden stop can lead to thyroid storm, available PR: suppositories or enema, instruct patient: report chills, fever, skin rash, sore throat, malaise, enlarged lymph nodes or jaundice, monitor CBC
    • Anti-thyroid Drugs/Thyroid Antagonist: reduces vascularity of the thyroid gland, indication: 7 to 10 days before surgery, onset: 24 hours, peak: 10 to 15 days
    • Iodides: adverse reactions: iodism (metallic taste in the mouth, fever, rash on the skin or mucous membrane, parotitis, increase salivation, allergic reaction)
    • Nursing implications for Iodides: check for allergy to seafood, iodine, dilute in milk, water, cola or fruit juice, improve taste, prevent staining of teeth, minimize GI toxicity
    • Radioactive Iodide: anti-thyroid, action: emits beta rays which destroy hyperactive thyroid cells, indication: hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, sodium iodide I – 131 (Hicon)
    • Adverse effects of Radioactive Iodide: hypothyroidism, thyroiditis (swelling of the neck, sore throat, cough and pain on swallowing), N&V, bone marrow suppression
    • Nursing implications for Radioactive Iodide: not given to pregnant/lactating women or those under 30, caution with body fluids for 6 to 8 hours
    • Hyperparathyroidism: hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone, osteoporosis, treatment: synthetic thyroid hormone, calcimimetics
    • Synthetic Thyroid Hormone: Hyperparathyroidism, calcitonin-salmon (Miacalcin), SQ, IM, 4-8 units/kg every 6-12 hours
    • Adverse effects of Synthetic Thyroid Hormone: N&V, muscle twitching, tetany, headaches, allergy, injection site irritation, hypocalcemia
    • Nursing implications for Synthetic Thyroid Hormone: allergy testing, reconstitute - use immediately, SQ, IM, store in refrigerator (room temperature for intranasal once opened)
    • Calcimimetics: Hyperparathyroidism, decrease secretion of PTH by activating calcium receptors, PO - once a day
    • Drug for Calcimimetics: cinacalcet HCl (Sensipar)
    • Adverse effects of Calcimimetics: upset stomach, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, parasthesia, seizures, chest pain, weakness, muscle aches or cramps (hands, feet, face, or throat)
    • Nursing implications for Calcimimetics: once a day, with food or shortly after a meal, same time every day, swallow whole, start on a low dose, gradually increase, no grapefruit juice.

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    Test your knowledge about antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and its effects on the kidneys. Learn about the indications for ADH use, adverse reactions, related drugs, and nursing implications.

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