EAQ #15, Exam 3

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Questions and Answers

A condition that occurs when the normal flora are disturbed during antibiotic therapy is known as

  • organ toxicity.
  • superinfection (correct)
  • hypersensitivity
  • allergic reaction

which mechanism of action describes how penicillin destroys bacteria?

  • it interferes with cell wall synthesis (correct)
  • It binds irreversibly to the cell wall
  • it interrupts bacterial DNA processes
  • it interrupts bacterial RNA processes

what type of antibiotic treatment is the patient likely receiving when administered intravenous ceftriaxone before an open cholecystomy ?

  • empiric
  • definitive
  • prophylactic (correct)
  • colonization

which statement describes how superinfection occur?

<p>when the antibiotic eliminates the normal flora. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which condition may the patient have when reporting flushing, itching, hives, anxiety and throat tongue swelling after taking an antibiotic?

<p>an allergic anaphylactic reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which medication is added to enhance the effectiveness of the ampicillin?

<p>Clavulanic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal indication for sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP)?

<p>Urinary tract infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication may sometimes be overlooked when considering penicillin allergies in patients?

<p>piperacillin/ tazobactam (zosyn) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which drug does the nurse anticipate the health care provider will order for a patient diagnosed with legionnaires disease

<p>erythromycin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which statement by the nurse explains the mechanism of bacteriostatic action of tetracycline?

<p>&quot;tetracycline inhibits protein synthesis&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which time range is the elimination half-life of amoxicillin?

<p>1 to 1.5 hrs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which antibiotic will the nurse expects to administer to this patient as empiric therapy for a serious intra-abdominal infection?

<p>ticarcillin-calvulanic acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which nursing assessment is most important for a patient who has been prescribed cefazolin sodium?

<p>history, including allergies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which intervention would be included when planning care for a patient receiving a sulfonamide antibiotic?

<p>force fluid to at least 2000 mL/day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which instruction does the nurse give to the patient to prevent complication associated with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim SMZ-TMP?

<p>&quot;Avoid exposure to sunlight&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which instruction does the nurse give to the patient to ensure safe and effective administration of demeclocycline?

<p>&quot;avoid the consumption of dairy products&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

the nurse would question the prescription of tetracycline for which patient?

<p>A 6 year old patient with heamophilus influenza. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug allergy may indicate the need for change of a new prescription for cefuroxime?

<p>penicillin V potassium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which action can cause reduction in the therapeutic effect of doxycycline?

<p>the patient took the medication with a glass of milk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which test would the nurse anticipate for a patient recently treated with antibiotics who has developed watery diarrhea?

<p>Clostridium difficile test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which statement describes the nurses primary intervention for a patient prescribed suflamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP)?

<p>instruct the patient to increase fluid intake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which group of antibiotics would require the patient to use suncreen and wear a hat to avoid the sun between 10:00 am and 4:00 pm?

<p>Sulfonamides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which intervention is important for the nurse to perform for a female patient who has been prescribed amoxicillin?

<p>assess whether the patient is on oral contraceptives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which over the counter drugs will the nurse advise a patient to avoid while the patient is taking doxycycline? SATA

<p>calcium citrate (A), magnesium citrate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is an adverse effect of sulfonamide antibiotics? SATA

<p>urticaria (A), pancreatitis (B), hepatotoxicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing intervention is a necessary priority for a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus who is started on sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?

<p>Assess blood sugar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which response is indicated when the nurse learns a patient taking sulfadiazine has glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)

<p>the nurse contacts the primary heath care provide before administration of the drug. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication does the nurse will be prescribed for a patient on long-term antibiotics therapy who complain of watery diarrhea, abdominal pain and has a body temperature of 39.0 (102.2)

<p>Fidaxomicin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action would the nurse take after a patient taking sulfonamides reports bruises on the leg and arms?

<p>Asses the patient platelet counts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action is the nurse highest priority when discovering a patient started on sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim has a viral infection?

<p>Contact the health care provider to discuss the medication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is the priority instruction for the nurse to give to a patient with a history of kidney stones who has just been prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?

<p>&quot;take this medication with a full glass of fluid&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication would the nurse anticipate for a patient who is taking amoxicillin and develops wheezing, difficuty breathing, swealling of the throat and has a fast, irregular pulse on assessment?

<p>Epinephrine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement describes what the nurse would interpret from a patient on cefotetan therapy who reports stomach cramps, vomiting, diaphoresis, itching, headaches and who has hypotension on assessment?

<p>the patient had taken ethanol (alcohol)in addition to the cefotetan. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter would the nurse monitor in a patient taking sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim(SMX-TMP) for a urinary tract infection to prevent complications?

<p>Complete blood count (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which information would the nurse include about the adverse effects when educating a patient who is newly prescribed erythromycin for an ear infection?

<p>palpitation (A), jaundice (B), nausea and vomiting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instruction would the nurse provide to a patient taking doxycycline daily for the treatment of acne to prevent complications?

<p>avoid midday sun (A), let your doctor know if you become pregnant (B), use an alternate form of birth control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which finding in the patient who has been taking antibiotics for a week would indicate the need for referral to the primary health care provider?

<p>jaundice (A), excessive fatigue (B), elevated temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which action would the nurse take for a patient who is being administered oral sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim four time per day?

<p>Call the health care provider to discuss changing the frequency of the dose. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which patient would the nurse monitor for atypical signs of infection?

<p>a 78 year old patient with urinary incontinence (A), a 35 year old patient who underwent a renal transplant (C), A 55 year old patient who received radiation for lung cancer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which finding does the nurse report to the primary health care provider to prevent complications from taking sulfamethoxazole/ tomethoprim(SMZ-TMP)

<p>Diarrhea (A), blood in the urine (B), Shortness of breath (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with pain and urinary tract develops fever, chills, and sore on the tongue. In the chart, the nurse finds an allergy to sulfonamide. Which drug does the nurse suspect is responsible for patients reaction?

<p>celecoxib (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter needs to be assessed to ensure safe drug administration of azithromycin?

<p>liver function (A), baseline hearing status (B), baseline cardiac function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which time frame is recommended for alcohol avoidance for a patient taking cefotetan?

<p>During drug therapy and for 3 days afterward (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which reason explains why fluid intake should be increased up to 3000 ml per day for a patient taking sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP)

<p>to prevent drug -related crystalluria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which instruction does the nurse give to the patient before the administration of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprin (SMZ-TMP)

<p>&quot;use any other method other than oral contraception for birth control&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which antibiotic is used for prophylaxis against infections in surgical patients?

<p>cefazolin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is contraindicated for a patient who is receiving erythromycin therapy?

<p>Warfarin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which question would the nurse ask the patient to determine the cause of an unimproved infection after a patient has completed a course of tetracycline?

<p>&quot;were you using iron supplements while taking the drug?&quot; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biochemical parameter does the nurse assess before administering sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(SMZ-TMP)

<p>Red Blood cell count (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Superinfection

A condition where normal body flora is disrupted by antibiotic treatment, leading to a new infection.

Penicillin MOA

Penicillin interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis.

Prophylactic antibiotic

Antibiotic administered to prevent infection before a procedure.

Superinfection cause

Antibiotics kill beneficial bacteria, creating a space for harmful bacteria to flourish.

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Allergic reaction to antibiotic

An immune response to an antibiotic, causing flushing, itching, hives, and other symptoms.

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Ampicillin enhancement

Clavulanic acid is added to ampicillin to make it more effective against bacteria.

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SMZ-TMP Indication

Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim is primarily used to treat urinary tract infections.

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Penicillin allergy overlap

Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn) can sometimes be overlooked as a potential penicillin allergy trigger.

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Legionnaires' disease treatment

Erythromycin is often prescribed for Legionnaires' disease.

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Tetracycline MOA (bacteriostatic)

Tetracycline inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria.

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Amoxicillin half-life

Amoxicillin has an elimination half-life of 1 to 1.5 hours

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Intra-abdominal infection empiric therapy

Ticarcillin-clavulanate acid is often used as empiric treatment for serious intra-abdominal infections.

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Cefazolin Patient Assessment

A thorough patient history, including allergies, is crucial before administering cefazolin.

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Sulfonamide Fluid Intake

Patients taking sulfonamides need to increase their fluid intake.

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Sulfonamide sunlight precaution

Patients taking sulfonamides should avoid sun exposure.

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Demeclocycline Dairy Avoidance

Avoid dairy products while taking demeclocycline to prevent reduced absorption.

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Tetracycline contraindication

Tetracycline is contraindicated in 6 year old patients with haemophilus influenza

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Cefuroxime allergic reaction

If a patient has an allergy to penicillin V potassium, there might be a cross-reaction or allergy to cefuroxime

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Doxycycline Milk Interaction

Taking doxycycline with milk can reduce its effectiveness.

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C. difficile testing

Watery diarrhea after antibiotic use can indicate C. difficile infection.

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