29 Questions
What is the mechanism of action of β-lactam antibiotics?
Inhibiting bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan synthesis
What is the primary mechanism of action of cephalosporins?
Inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis
What is the primary route of elimination for β-lactam antibiotics?
Renal elimination
Which of the following antibiotics is used for the treatment of Enterococcus faecalis infections?
Second-generation cephalosporin
Which type of β-lactamase is NOT inhibited by avibactam?
Metallo-β-lactamases
What is the primary route of elimination for cephalosporins?
Renal elimination
What is the route of administration for penicillin V?
Oral
Which of the following bacteria is sensitive to first-generation cephalosporins?
Staphylococcus aureus
What is the genus of the bacteria that causes meningitis, which is susceptible to penicillin?
Streptococcus
What is the primary adverse effect of cephalosporins?
Hypersensitivity reactions
Which of the following antibiotics is a combination of a penicillin and a β-lactamase inhibitor?
Ampicillin/sulbactam
What is the main problem associated with the use of bacterial meningitis treatment?
Bacterial resistance
Which type of penicillin is effective against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)?
None of the above
What is the characteristic of Ureidopenicillins?
High activity against Pseudomonas and gram-negative microorganisms
Which of the following is a β-lactamase inhibitor similar in structure to clavulanic acid?
Sulbactam
What is the main advantage of piperacillin over carbenicillin?
More activity against Pseudomonas and less active against gram-positive cocci
Which of the following is not a characteristic of Antistaphylococcal penicillins?
Effective against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)
What is the primary route of excretion for most cephalosporins?
Renal
Which of the following cephalosporins can penetrate the blood-brain barrier?
Generation III cephalosporins
What is the main mechanism of resistance to cephalosporins during therapy?
Selection of isolates with de-repression of bacterial chromosomal β-lactamases
Cephalosporins containing methythiotetrazole are associated with which adverse effect?
Hypoprothrombinemia
What is the approximate percentage of patients allergic to penicillins who also exhibit cross-hypersensitivity to cephalosporins?
5-10%
Which of the following cephalosporins is not marketed in the US?
Not specified in the text
What is a characteristic of aminoglycosides in terms of absorption?
They are highly polar and not absorbed through the GI tract
Which of the following aminoglycosides is indicated for infections due to gentamicin-resistant Gram-negative pathogens?
Amikacin
What is a common adverse effect of aminoglycosides?
Nephrotoxicity
Fluoroquinolones are primarily active against which type of pathogens?
Gram-negative pathogens
Which of the following fluoroquinolones has substantial activity against P. aeruginosa?
Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin
What is the primary mechanism of excretion for aminoglycosides?
Glomerular filtration
Test your knowledge on antibiotics, specifically different types of penicillins, including penicillinase-resistance penicillins, antistaphylococcal penicillins, and antipseudomonal penicillins. Learn about their indications, effectiveness, and limitations in treating bacterial infections.
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