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Questions and Answers
What is the primary reason for using drug combinations in antibiotic therapy?
What is the primary reason for using drug combinations in antibiotic therapy?
- To reduce the synergism between antibiotics
- To decrease the risk of emergence of resistant organisms (correct)
- To increase the toxicity of the antibiotics
- To increase the risk of superinfection
What is the primary consideration when determining the necessity of antibiotic treatment?
What is the primary consideration when determining the necessity of antibiotic treatment?
- The severity of the patient's symptoms
- The cost of different antibiotic treatment options
- Identifying the specific type of bacteria causing the infection
- The potential risk of detrimental effects to the patient's life (correct)
What is the mechanism of resistance in β-lactamase resistant organisms?
What is the mechanism of resistance in β-lactamase resistant organisms?
- Genetic alteration
- Decreased permeability for the agent
- Enzymic inactivation (correct)
- Modification of target site
What is the advantage of combining bactericidal and bacteriostatic agents?
What is the advantage of combining bactericidal and bacteriostatic agents?
Which of the following pharmacological sanctuaries is characterized by poor penetration of antibiotics due to the presence of a natural barrier?
Which of the following pharmacological sanctuaries is characterized by poor penetration of antibiotics due to the presence of a natural barrier?
What is the primary difference between bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics?
What is the primary difference between bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics?
What is the primary mechanism of drug resistance due to spontaneous mutation?
What is the primary mechanism of drug resistance due to spontaneous mutation?
Which of the following antibiotic characteristics is defined as the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial that will inhibit the visible growth of a microorganism?
Which of the following antibiotic characteristics is defined as the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial that will inhibit the visible growth of a microorganism?
What is the classification of antibiotics based on their mechanism of action?
What is the classification of antibiotics based on their mechanism of action?
What is the common complication of antibiotic therapy due to high levels in serum?
What is the common complication of antibiotic therapy due to high levels in serum?
What is the primary goal of pulsed dosing in antibiotic treatment?
What is the primary goal of pulsed dosing in antibiotic treatment?
What is the characteristic of natural antibiotics?
What is the characteristic of natural antibiotics?
Which of the following antibiotics is classified as a Category A drug in terms of fetal risk during pregnancy?
Which of the following antibiotics is classified as a Category A drug in terms of fetal risk during pregnancy?
What is the primary factor to consider when selecting an antibiotic treatment option based on cost?
What is the primary factor to consider when selecting an antibiotic treatment option based on cost?
What is the primary disadvantage of combining antibiotics?
What is the primary disadvantage of combining antibiotics?
Which of the following antibiotics is characterized by time-dependent killing?
Which of the following antibiotics is characterized by time-dependent killing?
What is the primary mechanism of action of β-lactam antibiotics?
What is the primary mechanism of action of β-lactam antibiotics?
Which of the following β-lactam antibiotics is not classified as a semisynthetic penicillin?
Which of the following β-lactam antibiotics is not classified as a semisynthetic penicillin?
What is the mechanism of action of ß-lactamase inhibitors?
What is the mechanism of action of ß-lactamase inhibitors?
What is the primary target of β-lactam antibiotics in the bacterial cell?
What is the primary target of β-lactam antibiotics in the bacterial cell?
Which of the following antibiotics inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 50s ribosomal subunit?
Which of the following antibiotics inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 50s ribosomal subunit?
What is the mechanism of action of glycopeptides?
What is the mechanism of action of glycopeptides?
Which of the following is a characteristic of carbapenems?
Which of the following is a characteristic of carbapenems?
What is the effect of azithromycin on Haemophilus compared to erythromycin?
What is the effect of azithromycin on Haemophilus compared to erythromycin?
What is the mechanism of action of penicillin on transpeptidases?
What is the mechanism of action of penicillin on transpeptidases?
Which of the following generations of cephalosporins includes Cefotaxime?
Which of the following generations of cephalosporins includes Cefotaxime?
What is the difference in the excretion of clarithromycin and azithromycin?
What is the difference in the excretion of clarithromycin and azithromycin?
What is the primary effect of β-lactam antibiotics on bacterial growth?
What is the primary effect of β-lactam antibiotics on bacterial growth?
What is the effect of clindamycin on the production of toxins by GAS?
What is the effect of clindamycin on the production of toxins by GAS?
What is the mechanism of action of clindamycin?
What is the mechanism of action of clindamycin?
Which of the following β-lactam antibiotics is used to treat severe infections of resistant bacteria?
Which of the following β-lactam antibiotics is used to treat severe infections of resistant bacteria?
What is the effect of erythromycin estolate on the liver?
What is the effect of erythromycin estolate on the liver?
What is the primary mechanism of action of aminoglycosides against gram(-) bacilli and staphylococcus species?
What is the primary mechanism of action of aminoglycosides against gram(-) bacilli and staphylococcus species?
Which of the following antibiotics is bactericidal against pneumococci, GAS, and anaerobes?
Which of the following antibiotics is bactericidal against pneumococci, GAS, and anaerobes?
What is the primary mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones against gram-negative bacteria?
What is the primary mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones against gram-negative bacteria?
What is the primary mechanism of resistance to tetracyclines in bacteria?
What is the primary mechanism of resistance to tetracyclines in bacteria?
What is the primary mechanism of action of sulfonamides against bacteria?
What is the primary mechanism of action of sulfonamides against bacteria?
What is the primary mechanism of action of metronidazole against anaerobic bacteria?
What is the primary mechanism of action of metronidazole against anaerobic bacteria?
What is the primary mechanism of resistance to aminoglycosides in bacteria?
What is the primary mechanism of resistance to aminoglycosides in bacteria?
What is the primary mechanism of action of clindamycin against staphylococci, streptococci, anaerobes, and H. pylori?
What is the primary mechanism of action of clindamycin against staphylococci, streptococci, anaerobes, and H. pylori?
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