Antibiotic Resistance and Mechanisms of Action Quiz

Antibiotic Resistance and Mechanisms of Action Summary

• A 12-year-old boy acquired a ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella strain from cattle treated with this drug.
• Antibiotics are metabolic products of microorganisms that inhibit or kill other microorganisms.
• Antimicrobial drugs are synthetic drugs produced by chemical procedures in the laboratory.
• Selective toxicity is essential for antibiotics to inhibit or kill the intended pathogen without seriously harming the host.
• Mechanisms of action include cell wall active agents, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, and inhibition of protein synthesis.
• Antibiotic resistance is a major problem in both developed and developing world, with mutations on the chromosome and plasmid acquisition being the main causes.
• Plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance is characterized by high-level resistance, often multiple resistance, and easy transferability to other species.
• Antibiotic resistance genes existed before the antibiotic treatment era but have become prevalent due to selective pressure, highlighting bacterial adaptability.
• Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance include producing enzymes to inactivate or destroy the drug, altering the target/receptor of the drug, and preventing entry of the drug into the cell or efflux of the drug from the cell.
• Antibiotic misuse creates a favorable environment for antibiotic-resistant organisms to take over, as sensitive bugs are killed or inhibited.
• Control of antibiotic resistance involves restricting prescription, rotation, reducing animal use of growth promoters, providing guidance, surveillance, infection control, and immunization against infection.
• Immunization involves inducing or providing immunity against infection artificially, and vaccines can be live, killed, toxoid, or partial/subunit vaccines.

Antibiotic Resistance and Mechanisms of Action Summary

• A 12-year-old boy acquired a ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella strain from cattle treated with this drug.
• Antibiotics are metabolic products of microorganisms that inhibit or kill other microorganisms.
• Antimicrobial drugs are synthetic drugs produced by chemical procedures in the laboratory.
• Selective toxicity is essential for antibiotics to inhibit or kill the intended pathogen without seriously harming the host.
• Mechanisms of action include cell wall active agents, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, and inhibition of protein synthesis.
• Antibiotic resistance is a major problem in both developed and developing world, with mutations on the chromosome and plasmid acquisition being the main causes.
• Plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance is characterized by high-level resistance, often multiple resistance, and easy transferability to other species.
• Antibiotic resistance genes existed before the antibiotic treatment era but have become prevalent due to selective pressure, highlighting bacterial adaptability.
• Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance include producing enzymes to inactivate or destroy the drug, altering the target/receptor of the drug, and preventing entry of the drug into the cell or efflux of the drug from the cell.
• Antibiotic misuse creates a favorable environment for antibiotic-resistant organisms to take over, as sensitive bugs are killed or inhibited.
• Control of antibiotic resistance involves restricting prescription, rotation, reducing animal use of growth promoters, providing guidance, surveillance, infection control, and immunization against infection.
• Immunization involves inducing or providing immunity against infection artificially, and vaccines can be live, killed, toxoid, or partial/subunit vaccines.