Antiarrhythmic Medications
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Questions and Answers

What is a potential adverse effect of amiodarone?

  • Kidney toxicity
  • Heart toxicity
  • Lung toxicity
  • Liver toxicity (correct)

    • What is the mechanism of action of adenosine?

  • Stops AV node conduction for a few seconds (correct)
  • Increases heart rate
  • Stimulates AV node conduction
  • Has no effect on the heart

    • What is the primary indication for aspirin use?

  • Hypercholesterolemia
  • Diabetes
  • CAD (correct)
  • Hypertension

    • What is the reversal agent for heparin?

    <p>Protamine sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific effect of enoxaparin (Lovenox)?

    <p>On factors II &amp; X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect of amiodarone related to the endocrine system?

    <p>Hypo/hyperthyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored in patients on amiodarone due to its interactions with other drugs?

    <p>Serum concentration of warfarin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of aspirin on thromboxane A2?

    <p>Inhibits it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of administration for heparin in the treatment of an active clot?

    <p>IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important caution related to the use of heparin?

    <p>Monitor for HIT (thrombocytopenia)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dosing frequency for the therapeutic dose of unfractionated heparin?

    <p>1 mg/kg subq q12 hrs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reversal agent for Warfarin (Coumadin)?

    <p>Vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target INR for Warfarin (Coumadin) therapy?

    <p>2-3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for Apixaban (Eliquis)?

    <p>Non-valvular a-fib</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential side effect of Atorvastatin (Lipitor) that is dose dependent and very common?

    <p>Myalgias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Andexxa?

    <p>Reversal of Eliquis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Warfarin (Coumadin)?

    <p>Inhibition of vitamin K dependent clotting factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored when a patient is on Atorvastatin (Lipitor)?

    <p>Liver function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dosing frequency for the prophylactic dose of unfractionated heparin?

    <p>30-40 mg subq q 12 hrs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor affected by Warfarin (Coumadin)?

    <p>Clotting factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consideration when adjusting Atorvastatin (Lipitor) dosage peri-operatively or in critically ill patients?

    <p>Liver function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cardiovascular Medications

    • Amiodarone's potential adverse effect is pulmonary toxicity and/or corneal microdeposits.
    • Adenosine's mechanism of action is blocking AV node conduction, leading to a brief period of asystole, which restores normal sinus rhythm.

    Anticoagulants

    • Aspirin's primary indication is for preventing stroke and myocardial infarction.
    • Heparin's reversal agent is Protamine sulfate.
    • Enoxaparin (Lovenox) has a specific effect of inhibiting factor Xa activity, preventing thrombus formation.

    Amiodarone Interactions

    • Amiodarone's potential adverse effect related to the endocrine system is thyroid dysfunction (hypo- or hyperthyroidism).
    • In patients on amiodarone, monitor for interactions with other drugs, including warfarin, digoxin, and simvastatin.

    Aspirin Effects

    • Aspirin's effect on thromboxane A2 is irreversible inhibition, leading to reduced platelet aggregation.

    Heparin Administration

    • The primary route of administration for heparin in the treatment of an active clot is intravenous (IV).
    • An important caution related to heparin use is the risk of bleeding and thrombocytopenia.
    • The dosing frequency for the therapeutic dose of unfractionated heparin is every 4-6 hours, with monitoring of aPTT.

    Warfarin Therapy

    • The reversal agent for Warfarin (Coumadin) is Vitamin K.
    • The target INR for Warfarin (Coumadin) therapy is 2-3.
    • Warfarin's mechanism of action is inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors (II, VII, IX, and X).
    • The primary factor affected by Warfarin (Coumadin) is the coagulation cascade.

    Other Medications

    • Apixaban (Eliquis) is indicated for stroke and systemic embolism prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation.
    • Atorvastatin (Lipitor) has a potential side effect of dose-dependent, common myalgia (muscle pain).
    • Andexxa is a reversal agent for apixaban and rivaroxaban, directly binding to and inhibiting the activity of these anticoagulants.
    • When on Atorvastatin (Lipitor), monitor for liver function and myalgia.
    • The main consideration when adjusting Atorvastatin (Lipitor) dosage peri-operatively or in critically ill patients is the risk of increased statin toxicity.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of antiarrhythmic medications with this quiz. Explore the uses, adverse effects, and monitoring considerations for amiodarone (Cordarone) and adenosine. Understand the potential interactions and how to manage them in clinical practice.

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