Anti-Streptolysin O Titer Quiz

Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in infants?

Calm demeanor

Bulging fontanels (correct)

Decreased head circumference

Regular breathing pattern

Which of the following is included in Cushing’s Triad?

Hypotension

Tachycardia

Hypoxia

Bradycardia (correct)

How does increased ICP affect the optic nerve?

It leads to blurred vision and possible blindness. (correct)

It only affects peripheral vision.

It has no effect on vision.

It causes vision to improve.

Which position is recommended for a patient to help decrease ICP?

Semi-Fowler's position Signup and view all the answers

What is a common early symptom of increased ICP in young children?

Irritability or agitation Signup and view all the answers

What does anisocoria indicate when observed in a patient?

Potential brain damage Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of projectile vomiting associated with increased ICP?

Cerebral edema Signup and view all the answers

What does PERRLA stand for in relation to pupil assessment?

Pupil Equally Reactive to Light And Accommodation Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is the first choice for treating the condition described?

Penicillin Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom associated with right-sided heart failure?

Weight gain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the management for the condition?

Cholesterol medication Signup and view all the answers

During exacerbation and remission, how long should treatment continue?

Up to 10 years Signup and view all the answers

Which inflammatory marker indicates acute inflammation?

CRP - C-reactive protein Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is characteristic of left-sided heart failure?

Dyspnea on exertion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary problem associated with Pulmonary Stenosis?

Pulmonary artery obstruction Signup and view all the answers

What role do corticosteroids play in the management plan?

Relief of carditis Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical procedure is considered curative for Pulmonary Stenosis?

Intracardiac surgery Signup and view all the answers

What condition helps keep a patient alive in cases of Transposition of the Great Arteries?

Patent Ductus Arteriosus Signup and view all the answers

Which major symptom would be associated with Rheumatic Heart Fever according to Jones Criteria?

Chorea Signup and view all the answers

Which sign is indicative of chronic hypoxia?

Clubbing of fingernails Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following indicates the need for monitoring during salicylate treatment?

Bleeding tendency Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary management for a newborn with Transposition of the Great Arteries?

Prostaglandin therapy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of Tetralogy of Fallot?

Severe respiratory depression Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic imaging technique is used to identify a Boot Shaped Heart?

2D Echocardiogram Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic result indicates Left-Sided Heart Failure (LSHF)?

High pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) Signup and view all the answers

What management strategy is recommended to maximize lung expansion?

Position the patient in a Fowlers position Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom would most likely indicate a complication of Kawasaki disease?

Strawberry red tongue Signup and view all the answers

What is a common sign of gastrointestinal disorders in children, like cleft lip and palate?

Difficulty in feeding Signup and view all the answers

What laboratory finding is associated with the inflammatory response in Kawasaki disease?

Increased ESR levels Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used to enhance immune response in Kawasaki disease?

Immunoglobulins Signup and view all the answers

What condition can lead to the necessity for CPR in Kawasaki disease patients?

Risk for coronary artery disease Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is commonly associated with heart failure in pediatrics?

Cough with crackles Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of Right-Sided Heart Failure?

Pulmonary crackles Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical presentation of a patient with Digoxin toxicity?

Visual disturbances and nausea Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary sign of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)?

Bitter taste in the mouth Signup and view all the answers

What dietary adjustments should be made for a patient diagnosed with GERD?

Low fat, high fiber diet Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Celiac Disease?

Heartburn Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential surgical intervention for Pyloric Stenosis?

Pyloromyotomy Signup and view all the answers

In the management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), what position should the head be elevated during sleep?

6-8 inches elevated Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of symptoms for Pyloric Stenosis?

Good appetite with vomiting Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foods should be avoided in a gluten-free diet for Celiac Disease?

Barley Signup and view all the answers

What medication type is used to neutralize acidity in GERD management?

Antacids Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to monitor in infants with Pyloric Stenosis?

Weight gain patterns Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is characteristic of Cholecystitis?

Vomiting with bile Signup and view all the answers

What type of feeding pattern is recommended for patients with GERD?

Small, frequent feedings Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common sign of Celiac Disease?

Anorexia Signup and view all the answers

What is an expected result in a bowel biopsy for Celiac Disease?

Hyperplastic villous atrophy Signup and view all the answers

What should patients with Pyloric Stenosis do to prevent aspiration during feeding?

Burp frequently Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pediatric Neurologic Disorders

Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP): Normal range is 5-15 mmHg.
Cushing’s Triad: Consists of hypertension, bradycardia, bradypnea; indicates severe ICP.
Signs of Increased ICP in Young Children:
- Bulging fontanels in infants, aggravated by crying.
- High-pitched, shrill cries in infants.
- Irritability or agitation in children; restlessness in adults; confusion in geriatrics.
- Increased head circumference and projectile vomiting can indicate cerebral edema.

Pediatric Cardiac Disorders

Congenital Heart Defects:
- Tetralogy of Fallot: Characterized by cyanosis, squatting behavior to decrease cardiac workload, and "tet spells" causing irritability and pallor. Diagnosed via 2D Echo showing a boot-shaped heart.
- Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA): Severe cyanosis; managed with Prostaglandins and arterial switch surgery.
Rheumatic Heart Disease: Caused by Group A Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS). Diagnosed using Jones Criteria:
- Major symptoms: carditis, polyarthritis, subcutaneous nodules, erythema marginatum, and elevated acute phase reactants.
- Minor symptoms include low-grade fever, arthralgia, and increased ESR.
Management of Heart Failure:
- Recognized by RSHF (right-sided heart failure) with edema and LSHF (left-sided heart failure) with dyspnea and orthopnea.
- Diagnostics include CXR, 2D Echo, and central venous pressure readings.
- Poor cardiac output addressed with fowlers position, supplemental oxygen, and diuretics.

Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders

Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate: Associated with feeding difficulties and risk for aspiration. Surgical interference includes cheiloplasty for cleft lip and palatoplasty for cleft palate.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Characterized by forceful vomiting and heartburn due to incompetent lower esophageal sphincter.
- Managed with dietary modifications and medications such as antacids, H2 blockers, and PPIs.
Pyloric Stenosis: Narrowing of pyloric sphincter, leads to projectile vomiting without bile. Key signs include "olive-shaped" mass in the abdomen and metabolic alkalosis.
- Surgery involves pyloromyotomy to relieve obstruction.
Celiac Disease: A chronic disorder characterized by gluten sensitivity, malabsorption leading to diarrhea and severe abdominal distention.
- Diagnosed via bowel biopsy demonstrating mucosal atrophy. Management focuses on a lifelong gluten-free diet, avoiding barley, rye, oats, and wheat.

Kawasaki Disease

An acute, self-limiting vasculitis leading to inflammation of blood vessels.
Symptoms include high spiking fever, strawberry tongue, photophobia, polymorphous rash, and desquamation.
Managed with immunoglobulins and aspirin to reduce inflammation and prevent coronary artery complications.

General Pediatric Nursing Considerations

Positioning for reducing ICP: Semi-fowler's position recommended to allow gravity to decrease pressure on the brain.
Continuous monitoring for vital signs and symptoms reflecting changes in condition, especially in congenital heart defects and ICP management.
Importance of educating families about signs of decompensation or increasing severity in pediatric conditions for timely interventions.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the Anti-Streptolysin O (ASO) titer, its clinical significance, and the inflammatory markers associated with SubQ nodules. This quiz covers the implications of ASO titer levels in various conditions affecting the joints, including knuckles, knees, and elbows.