31 Questions
What is the primary function of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method?
Estimating relative body fat
What is the measure of pure opposition of current flow through the body in BIA?
Resistance (R)
What type of equation is used in BIA for heterogeneous populations varying in age, gender, and body fatness?
Generalized Equations
What is the conductive pathway greatest in, according to BIA?
Tissues with greater amounts of water
What does BIA indirectly estimate or predict?
Fat-free mass (FFM) & total body water (TBW)
What is the measure of the opposition to current flow caused by the capacitance produced by the cell membrane in BIA?
Reactance (Xc)
What is the 50-kHz current generated and passed through the person being measured in BIA?
A small, harmless 50-kHz current (800 microamps maximum)
What is the opposition to flow of current in BIA?
Impedance (Z)
What are the pretesting guidelines for clients undergoing BIA?
Clients should avoid eating, drinking, and exercise before the test
What are the advantages of the BIA method?
Relatively inexpensive and noninvasive
What are the sources of BIA measurement error?
Instrumentation, client factors, technician skill, and environmental factors
Which factors can affect BIA measurement error?
Hydration level, menstrual cycle, and activity
What is the ultrasound method?
A portable, noninvasive alternative to the SKF method
What are the sources of ultrasound measurement error?
Technician skill, mode of ultrasound, signal frequency, and sound speed
What does A-mode ultrasound use for %BF estimation?
Proprietary conversions
What does B-mode ultrasound use to create an image?
A linear array of transducers
How does technician skill affect BIA measurement error?
Technician skill affects BIA measurement error if standardized procedures are not followed
How can BIA measurement error be affected by the client's body position during whole-body resistance measurement?
BIA measurement error is affected by the client's body position, but the effect is not specified
What are the environmental factors affecting BIA measurement error?
Ambient temperature and body position
What is the purpose of skinfold measurement in anthropometric methods?
To estimate subcutaneous fat and total body fat based on specific assumptions
What affects the accuracy of skinfold measurements?
Technician skill, type of caliper used, and client factors such as hydration level and compressibility of adipose tissue
Why is caliper calibration important in skinfold measurements?
To minimize measurement error
What can anthropometric methods be used to estimate?
Body composition, including total and regional body composition, and to assess body size, proportion, and segment sizes
What are circumference and skeletal diameter measurements used to estimate?
Fat and muscle mass, classify frame size, and assess disease risk
What do anthropometric indices such as BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, and sagittal abdominal diameter assess?
Regional fat distribution and disease risk
How is BMI calculated?
As the ratio of body weight to height squared
What is the main purpose of using population-specific and generalized equations in skinfold measurements?
For estimating body fat based on skinfold measurements
What is the role of anthropometric methods in assessing disease risk?
They are used to assess regional fat distribution and disease risk
How do anthropometric methods contribute to the assessment of body size and proportion?
They provide estimates of total and regional body composition
What is the purpose of using the same type of caliper for monitoring changes in skinfold thickness?
To ensure consistency and minimize measurement error
What are anthropometric indices such as waist circumference used to assess?
Regional fat distribution and disease risk
Study Notes
Anthropometric Methods and Skinfold Measurement
- Skinfold measurement is used to estimate subcutaneous fat and total body fat based on specific assumptions.
- Population-specific and generalized equations are used for estimating body fat based on skinfold measurements.
- The accuracy of skinfold measurements is affected by technician skill, type of caliper used, and client factors such as hydration level and compressibility of adipose tissue.
- Caliper calibration and using the same type of caliper for monitoring changes in skinfold thickness are important to minimize measurement error.
- Anthropometric methods can be used to estimate body composition, including total and regional body composition, and to assess body size, proportion, and segment sizes.
- Circumference and skeletal diameter measurements are used to estimate fat and muscle mass, classify frame size, and assess disease risk.
- Anthropometric indices such as BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, and sagittal abdominal diameter are used to assess regional fat distribution and disease risk.
- BMI is calculated as the ratio of body weight to height squared and is used to classify individuals as obese, overweight, or underweight, and to identify those at risk for obesity-related diseases.
Test your knowledge of anthropometric methods and skinfold measurement with this quiz. Explore the use of skinfold measurements to estimate body fat, the factors affecting measurement accuracy, and the application of anthropometric methods in assessing body composition and disease risk.
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