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Questions and Answers
Who is known as the father of 4 field anthropology?
Who is known as the father of 4 field anthropology?
What did Francis Galton suggest about the influence of biology and environment on intelligence?
What did Francis Galton suggest about the influence of biology and environment on intelligence?
Which anthropologist argued against using physical traits to categorize races?
Which anthropologist argued against using physical traits to categorize races?
What concept did W.E.B Dubois emphasize in relation to health disparities?
What concept did W.E.B Dubois emphasize in relation to health disparities?
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Which of the following statements aligns with the concept of monogenism?
Which of the following statements aligns with the concept of monogenism?
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What is the significance of the Laetoli Tracks discovered in Tanzania?
What is the significance of the Laetoli Tracks discovered in Tanzania?
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What significant finding was revealed about Eoanthropus dawsoni in 1950?
What significant finding was revealed about Eoanthropus dawsoni in 1950?
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How does Australopithecus deyiremeda differ from Australopithecus africanus?
How does Australopithecus deyiremeda differ from Australopithecus africanus?
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What adaptation is associated with bipedalism in hominins?
What adaptation is associated with bipedalism in hominins?
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Which Australopithecus species is known for its gracile build and was discovered in 1925?
Which Australopithecus species is known for its gracile build and was discovered in 1925?
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What defines the term 'Robust Australopiths'?
What defines the term 'Robust Australopiths'?
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Which characteristic is associated with Paranthropus robustus?
Which characteristic is associated with Paranthropus robustus?
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What characteristic is associated with Homo habilis?
What characteristic is associated with Homo habilis?
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What is indicated by the archaeological site Lomekwi 3?
What is indicated by the archaeological site Lomekwi 3?
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Which hominin is often referred to as 'Lucy'?
Which hominin is often referred to as 'Lucy'?
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What does the term 'phylogeny' refer to?
What does the term 'phylogeny' refer to?
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Which of the following features is characteristic of Homo neanderthalensis?
Which of the following features is characteristic of Homo neanderthalensis?
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What feature of the Denisovans is particularly notable?
What feature of the Denisovans is particularly notable?
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Which of the following features is NOT a characteristic of Ardipithecus?
Which of the following features is NOT a characteristic of Ardipithecus?
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Who discovered the Taung Child, an important fossil in human evolution?
Who discovered the Taung Child, an important fossil in human evolution?
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Which Australopith species is noted for its derived bicuspid molars?
Which Australopith species is noted for its derived bicuspid molars?
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What is the significance of Neanderthal introgression in human evolution?
What is the significance of Neanderthal introgression in human evolution?
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What evidence suggests a retreat of Homo sapiens from the Middle East back to Africa?
What evidence suggests a retreat of Homo sapiens from the Middle East back to Africa?
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Which hominin species is known to have existed around 335-236 kya with a unique combination of primitive and derived features?
Which hominin species is known to have existed around 335-236 kya with a unique combination of primitive and derived features?
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What anatomical feature is particularly associated with Homo sapiens?
What anatomical feature is particularly associated with Homo sapiens?
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Which of the following locations is known for the significant evidence of early human-like behavior through artistic expression?
Which of the following locations is known for the significant evidence of early human-like behavior through artistic expression?
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What erroneous belief is associated with Samuel G. Morton regarding race?
What erroneous belief is associated with Samuel G. Morton regarding race?
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What is the primary distinction between craniometry and anthropometry?
What is the primary distinction between craniometry and anthropometry?
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Which statement best characterizes Johann Blumenbach’s classification of human races?
Which statement best characterizes Johann Blumenbach’s classification of human races?
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Study Notes
Pleistocene, Pliocene, Miocene Epochs
- Epics: Pleistocene (2.6 mya - 11kya), Pliocene (5.3 mya - 2.6 mya), Miocene (5.3 mya - 23 mya)
Ardipithecus and Australopithecus
- Ardipithecus (kadabba/ramidus): 5.8 - 4.5 mya, discovered in Middle Awash, Ethiopia
- Transitional to Australopithecus
- Chimp-like brain
- Bipedal adaptations: bowl-shaped pelvis, rearranged gluteal muscles, valgus-angled femur, locked knee, enlarged joint surface areas in pelvis, lumbar lordosis, anteriorly located magnum
- Bipedal foot adaptations: inclined hallux, shortened toes; elongated mid and hind foot; development of arches
- Phylogeny: evolutionary relationships
- Paleobiology: organism's biology and function
- Paleoecology: organism's environment and selective pressures
Eoanthropus dawsoni ("Piltdown Man")
- Discovered (1908-1912) by Charles Dawson
- Later revealed to be a hoax (1950)
- Chemical analysis of the skull
- Sir Arthur Keith: opposed Dart's notion of the Taung skull; believed in brain development first
Sir Arthur Smith Woodward
- Conducted first reconstruction of "Piltdown Man"
- Assumed it to be Plio-Pleistocene age
Raymond Dart and Australopithecus africanus
- Anatomist that discovered the Taung Child (Australopithecus africanus)
- Supported by Robert Broom, Scottish doctor
- Australopithecus africanus (1925; Plesianthopus transvaalensis – Mrs. Ples): 3-2 mya
- No brow ridge, high forehead, flat orthognathic profile, no CP3, deciduous teeth, large cheek teeth, gracile build, anterior foramen magnum, 450cc
Paranthropus robustus
- Discovered by Robert Broom, 2-1.5 mya
- Robust jaw structure, small anterior dentition; very large molars
- Contemporary with Australopithecus africanus
Other Important Information
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Homo habilis ("Handy Man"): 2.0-1.6 mya, tool association; reduced molar size; prehensile/robust carpals; adducted hallux, 1000-1600cc; derived bipedalism; retreating chin; narrow molars; slight postorbital constriction; domed forehead
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Homo rudolfensis: 1.9-1.8 mya, larger and flatter face than Habilis; more gracile than H. habilis
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Homo erectus: Narikatome boy. Discovered by Lewis Leakey; 1.8-0.6 mya
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Homo ergaster: 1.6 mya, 880cc, predates erectus (more robust)
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Homo sapiens: 195kya, Oldest remains in Omo Kibish; vertical forehead, rounded cranium, canine fossa, chin
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H. erectus, first hominin outside of Africa -Acheulean industrialization
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Movius Line
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts and figures in anthropology. This quiz covers foundational theories, influential anthropologists, and critical ideas about race and health disparities. Perfect for students and enthusiasts of the discipline!
