Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the key difference between the egocentric and sociocentric views of the self?
What is the key difference between the egocentric and sociocentric views of the self?
- In the egocentric view, the self is seen as autonomous and distinct, while in the sociocentric view, the self is seen as contingent on social setting. (correct)
- In the egocentric view, the self is seen as dependent on the environment, while in the sociocentric view, the self is seen as independent.
- In the egocentric view, the self is seen as conforming to societal norms, while in the sociocentric view, the self is seen as rejecting social pressures.
- In the egocentric view, the self is seen as fluid and changing, while in the sociocentric view, the self is seen as fixed and stable.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a factor that promotes cultural diversity according to the text?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a factor that promotes cultural diversity according to the text?
- Environment
- Technology
- Economic development (correct)
- Isolation
What is the defining characteristic of the 'Culture of Poverty' according to the text?
What is the defining characteristic of the 'Culture of Poverty' according to the text?
- Learned ways of life of the poor, a vicious cycle of deprivation and want transmitted from one generation to the next (correct)
- Socially entrenched patterns of abuse and exploitation by the powerful against the deprived
- Excessive and conspicuous consumption by the super rich
- Illegally amassing wealth and power
Which of the following is NOT listed as an example of 'Pop Culture' in the Philippines according to the text?
Which of the following is NOT listed as an example of 'Pop Culture' in the Philippines according to the text?
What is the defining characteristic of the 'Culture of Conspicuous Consumption' according to the text?
What is the defining characteristic of the 'Culture of Conspicuous Consumption' according to the text?
What is the defining characteristic of the 'Culture of Exploitation and Dehumanization' according to the text?
What is the defining characteristic of the 'Culture of Exploitation and Dehumanization' according to the text?
What does Edward Taylor define as the customary ways of thinking, feeling and behaving that are transmitted from one generation to another?
What does Edward Taylor define as the customary ways of thinking, feeling and behaving that are transmitted from one generation to another?
What term refers to the artifacts, tools, and objects made from tools?
What term refers to the artifacts, tools, and objects made from tools?
Which of the following is NOT a component of non-material culture?
Which of the following is NOT a component of non-material culture?
What term refers to the negative form of mores?
What term refers to the negative form of mores?
What is the process by which societies of different cultures are modified through fairly close and long-continued contact?
What is the process by which societies of different cultures are modified through fairly close and long-continued contact?
What term refers to the intermarriage of persons coming from different cultural groups, resulting in some kind of biological fusion?
What term refers to the intermarriage of persons coming from different cultural groups, resulting in some kind of biological fusion?
What does the word 'anthropos' mean?
What does the word 'anthropos' mean?
Which branch of anthropology deals with the origins, history, and development of human culture?
Which branch of anthropology deals with the origins, history, and development of human culture?
Who is considered the founder of cultural anthropology?
Who is considered the founder of cultural anthropology?
What does the term 'culture' encompass?
What does the term 'culture' encompass?
What are the two general subdivisions of anthropology mentioned in the text?
What are the two general subdivisions of anthropology mentioned in the text?
What is the primary focus of anthropology?
What is the primary focus of anthropology?
Study Notes
Understanding the Self
- Human development and growth are influenced by interactions with external reality
- The example of Tarzan illustrates the impact of environment on human development
- Anthropology studies human populations across time and the world, dealing with cultural and biological similarities and variations
Subfields of Anthropology
- Physical Anthropology
- Cultural Anthropology, founded by Edward Taylor, which includes archaeology, ethnology, ethnography, and linguistics
Culture
- Defined by Edward Taylor as a complex whole including knowledge, beliefs, art, moral laws, customs, and habits acquired by humans as members of society
- Components of culture:
- Material Culture: artifacts, tools, objects made from tools (e.g., museum exhibits)
- Non-Material Culture:
- Norms (folkways, mores, taboos, laws, sanctions, and social control)
- Ideas, Beliefs, Values
- Symbols (Language)
Ways of Acquiring Culture
- Imitation: duplicating the behavior of others
- Indoctrination: formal teaching or training
- Conditioning: acquiring patterns of beliefs, values, and behaviors through systems of reward and punishment
- Acculturation: modification of cultures through close and long-term contact
- Amalgamation: intermarriage of people from different cultural groups, resulting in biological fusion
Cultural Diversity
- Refers to the wide range of differences in cultural patterns, ideas, beliefs, knowledge, forms of social organization, and practical responses to the environment
- Factors promoting cultural diversity: environment, isolation, technology, cultural themes, and diffusion
Symbolic Uses of Culture
- Culture of Poverty: a vicious cycle of deprivation and want transmitted from one generation to the next
- Culture of Opulence: learned ways of life of the wealthy
- Culture of Corruption: established patterns of illegally amassing wealth and obtaining power
- Culture of Silence/Sabotage: patterns of non-participation and hindering progress
- Pop Culture: popular culture, e.g., sports, entertainment, fashion, language
- Culture of Apathy: lack of interest or concern
- Culture of Conspicuous Consumption: excessive buying and acquiring of goods and services
- Culture of Exploitation and Dehumanization: patterns of abusive and exploitative practices by those in power against the disadvantaged
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Description
Explore the concept of self from an anthropological standpoint, focusing on how human development is shaped by interactions with the external environment. Learn about the influence of surroundings on personal growth through the example of Tarzan.
