Anthropological Perspective of the Self Quiz & Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the key difference between the egocentric and sociocentric views of the self?

In the egocentric view, the self is seen as autonomous and distinct, while in the sociocentric view, the self is seen as contingent on social setting. (correct)

In the egocentric view, the self is seen as dependent on the environment, while in the sociocentric view, the self is seen as independent.

In the egocentric view, the self is seen as conforming to societal norms, while in the sociocentric view, the self is seen as rejecting social pressures.

In the egocentric view, the self is seen as fluid and changing, while in the sociocentric view, the self is seen as fixed and stable.

Which of the following is NOT listed as a factor that promotes cultural diversity according to the text?

Environment

Technology

Economic development (correct)

Isolation

What is the defining characteristic of the 'Culture of Poverty' according to the text?

Learned ways of life of the poor, a vicious cycle of deprivation and want transmitted from one generation to the next (correct)

Socially entrenched patterns of abuse and exploitation by the powerful against the deprived

Excessive and conspicuous consumption by the super rich

Illegally amassing wealth and power

Which of the following is NOT listed as an example of 'Pop Culture' in the Philippines according to the text?

Music: OPM songs Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of the 'Culture of Conspicuous Consumption' according to the text?

Excessive and conspicuous consumption by the super rich Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of the 'Culture of Exploitation and Dehumanization' according to the text?

Socially entrenched patterns of abusive and exploitative practices by the moneyed and power-wielding members of society against the culturally deprived and materially disadvantaged Signup and view all the answers

What does Edward Taylor define as the customary ways of thinking, feeling and behaving that are transmitted from one generation to another?

Culture Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the artifacts, tools, and objects made from tools?

Material culture Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of non-material culture?

Artifacts Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the negative form of mores?

Taboos Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which societies of different cultures are modified through fairly close and long-continued contact?

Acculturation Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the intermarriage of persons coming from different cultural groups, resulting in some kind of biological fusion?

Amalgamation Signup and view all the answers

What does the word 'anthropos' mean?

Human Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of anthropology deals with the origins, history, and development of human culture?

Cultural Anthropology Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the founder of cultural anthropology?

Edward Taylor Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'culture' encompass?

Knowledge, belief, art, moral laws, customs, and other capabilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society Signup and view all the answers

What are the two general subdivisions of anthropology mentioned in the text?

Physical Anthropology and Cultural Anthropology Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of anthropology?

Both studying human cultures and human populations across time and space Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Understanding the Self

Human development and growth are influenced by interactions with external reality
The example of Tarzan illustrates the impact of environment on human development
Anthropology studies human populations across time and the world, dealing with cultural and biological similarities and variations

Subfields of Anthropology

Physical Anthropology
Cultural Anthropology, founded by Edward Taylor, which includes archaeology, ethnology, ethnography, and linguistics

Culture

Defined by Edward Taylor as a complex whole including knowledge, beliefs, art, moral laws, customs, and habits acquired by humans as members of society
Components of culture:
- Material Culture: artifacts, tools, objects made from tools (e.g., museum exhibits)
- Non-Material Culture:
  - Norms (folkways, mores, taboos, laws, sanctions, and social control)
  - Ideas, Beliefs, Values
  - Symbols (Language)

Ways of Acquiring Culture

Imitation: duplicating the behavior of others
Indoctrination: formal teaching or training
Conditioning: acquiring patterns of beliefs, values, and behaviors through systems of reward and punishment
Acculturation: modification of cultures through close and long-term contact
Amalgamation: intermarriage of people from different cultural groups, resulting in biological fusion

Cultural Diversity

Refers to the wide range of differences in cultural patterns, ideas, beliefs, knowledge, forms of social organization, and practical responses to the environment
Factors promoting cultural diversity: environment, isolation, technology, cultural themes, and diffusion

Symbolic Uses of Culture

Culture of Poverty: a vicious cycle of deprivation and want transmitted from one generation to the next
Culture of Opulence: learned ways of life of the wealthy
Culture of Corruption: established patterns of illegally amassing wealth and obtaining power
Culture of Silence/Sabotage: patterns of non-participation and hindering progress
Pop Culture: popular culture, e.g., sports, entertainment, fashion, language
Culture of Apathy: lack of interest or concern
Culture of Conspicuous Consumption: excessive buying and acquiring of goods and services
Culture of Exploitation and Dehumanization: patterns of abusive and exploitative practices by those in power against the disadvantaged

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Description

Explore the concept of self from an anthropological standpoint, focusing on how human development is shaped by interactions with the external environment. Learn about the influence of surroundings on personal growth through the example of Tarzan.

Anthropological Perspective on Understanding the Self

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